ASTM_D_4495_-_21.pdf

Designation:D449521An American National StandardStandard Test Method forImpact Resistance of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(PVC)RigidProfiles by Means of a Falling Weight1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4495;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the energyrequired to crack or break rigid poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)profile under specified conditions of impact by means of afalling weight.1.2 This test method is used either by itself or in conjunctionwith other methods for measuring PVC product toughness.1.3 Because of the wide variety of profile sizes and shapesand the wide variety of manufacturing procedures and fieldabuse,this test method does not correlate universally with alltypes of abuse.Therefore,correlations must be established asneeded.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures)shall not be consideredas requirements of this standard.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsE178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions are in accordance with Termi-nology D883,unless otherwise indicated.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 failurethe presence of a brittle failure readily visibleby the naked eye,including a sharp crack,split,or shatter inany part of the profile as a result of the impact of the fallingweight.Failure does not include ductile tears(where thesurfaces at the tip of the crack have a greater than 0 angle),orductile breaks(hinged breaks where the cracked part remainsjoined to the unbroken part throughout the length of thecracked part or section),(Fig.1).3.2.2mean failure heightthe height from which thefalling weight will cause 50%of the specimens to fail.3.2.3 mean failure energyenergy required to produce50%failures.The product of the weight and mean failureheight.3.2.4 outlieran observation that appears to deviate mark-edly from other members of the sample in which it occurs.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The profile is cut into lengths of at least 6 in.The testmethod establishes the height from which a standard fallingweight will cause 50%of the specimens to fail.5.Significance and Use5.1 The impact strength of PVC profiles relates to suitabilityfor service and to quality of processing.Impact tests are used1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.24 on Plastic BuildingProducts.Current edition approved Dec.1,2021.Published December 2021.Originallyapproved in 1985.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D4495 16.DOI:10.1520/D4495-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1for quality-control purposes and as an indication that productscan withstand handling during assembling,installation,or inservice.5.2 Results obtained by use of this test method are used intwo ways:5.2.1 As the basis for establishing impact-test requirementsin product standards,and5.2.2 To measure the effect of changes in materials orprocessing.6.Interferences6.1 Falling-weight-impact types of tests are not suitable forpredicting the relative ranking of mater