ASTM_D_5479_-_94_2013.pdf

Designation:D547994(Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forTesting Biofouling Resistance of Marine Coatings PartiallyImmersed1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5479;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers a procedure to test a biofoulingresistant coating systems or antifouling systems,or both,whensubjected to in situ partial immersion exposure.This enhancessettlement of certain marine fouling organisms and increase therate of possible physical deterioration.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3623 Test Method for Testing Antifouling Panels in Shal-low SubmergenceD4938 Test Method for Erosion Testing of AntifoulingPaints Using High Velocity WaterD4939 Test Method for Subjecting MarineAntifouling Coat-ing to Biofouling and Fluid Shear Forces in NaturalSeawaterD5108 Test Method for Organotin Release Rates of Anti-fouling Coating Systems in Sea Water3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 antifouling coatings,npolymeric applied films en-gineered to prevent marine fouling settlement due to inclusionof antifouling compounds within its formulated matrix.3.1.2 biofouling-resistant coatings,npolymeric appliedfilms,engineered to prevent secured or permanent attachmentof marine fouling organisms due to certain surface character-istics.3.1.3 film(s),neach layer or coat of paint as applied to thesubstrate or on top of another applied coat.3.1.4 system,ncumulative total number of coating films,which includes application of a primary film(s)for the purposeof protecting the substrate from possible deterioration,orenhancing the adhesion of the biofouling resistant coating orantifouling coating to the primary film(s),or both.3.2 Biofouling resistant coatings and antifouling coatingsare interrelated;thus they are used in this practice interchange-ably.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method is designed as a screening test toevaluate the performance of applied coating systems and othermaterials designed to resist biofouling settlement.4.2 The degree and type of fouling will vary depending onthe environment.Differences in geographic location of testsites,time of year when panels are exposed,and weatherconditions from one year to the next,can affect results.Suchvariables are accounted taking a fouling census on a nontoxicsurface.For the exposure to be valid,the nontoxic surfaceshould show heavy fouling accretion.5.Apparatus5.1 Floating RaftThe test panels shall be mounted on afloating raft to maintain the correct position in the water.5.1.1 The floating raft shall be constructed with a minimalamount of decking to maximize sunlight exposure on the testpanels surfaces.5.2 Exposure RackEach rack will provide firm verticalinstallation of several(4 to 8)test panels that must bepositioned in such a manner that the prevailing tidal currentswill move parallel to the panels surfaces.5.2.1 The method of rack installation must provide a meansof easy but dependable height adjustment.The movement ofthe lower(immersed)end of each rack is limited to 20 fromthe vertical.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.45 on Marine Coatings.Current edition approved June 1,2013.Published June 2013.Originallyapproved in 1994.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5479 94(2007).DOI:10.1520/D5479-94R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.2.2 Test panel racks should be constructed of plasticmaterials,or insulators must be utilized to prevent test panelsfrom metallic contact.5.2.3 The distance between two racks(from panels surface)shall be a minimum of 30 cm(12 in.)to allow sufficientsunlight on the coating surface.6.Materials6.1 Test PanelsThe substrate(s)for application of theexperimental coating system shall be one or more of thematerials that would simulate the end use of the biofoulingresistant or antifouling coating system,or both.The mostcommonly used substrates are as follows:6.1.1 Medium low-carbon steel plate,6.1.2