ASTM_D_5497_-_94c_2000.pdf

Designation:D 5497 94c(Reapproved 2000)Standard TerminologyRelating to Buttons1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5497;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This terminology covers special terms or special mean-ings used in the button industry.These definitions apply only tosew-through flange and shank buttons.1.2 The principal types of buttons defined in this terminol-ogy are illustrated in Figs.1-8.These figures are descriptiveonly and are not intended to be restrictive as to design.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics2D 3136 Definitions of Terms Relating to Permanent CareLabels for Consumer Textile and Leather Products Otherthan Carpets and Upholstery33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:assembled button,na decorative button consisting of com-binations of similar or dissimilar materials,such as plasticand metal or metal and metal,which have been joinedtogether by such processes as gluing,swedging or metalstamping.bridge,nthe area of a button between the holes partiallycovered by the sewing threads with dimensions varyingupon design and end use.button,na knot,disc,or similar object which when forcedthrough a narrow opening or buttonhole,fastens one part ofa garment or other flexible substrate to another.DISCUSSIONAlthough the primary purpose of buttons is to serve asfasteners,buttons can also be used as decoration.centrifugal cast button,nsee rotation cast pression molding,nthe method of molding a materialalready in a confined cavity by applying pressure and pression molded button,na button or button blankwhich is produced by compression molding.thermoset-molding compounds such as urea-formaldehyde,melamine-formaldehyde,styrene-modified polyester,or any combina-tion thereof.This method using styrene modified polyesterresin,and having in its formulation pearlescent pigmentswhich are oriented in the molding process,form a button orbutton blank which resembles natural shell.electroplated button,nplastic buttons which have beenmade conductive by chemical treatment followed by theelectroplating of metallic coatings.DISCUSSIONin buttons,plastics such as polyester,acetate,ABS,melamine,and urea formaldehyde are the materials usually electro-plated.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 onTextiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.54 on Subassemblies.Current edition approved December 15,1994.Published September 1995.Originally published as D 5497 94.Last previous edition D 5497 94b.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 08.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 07.01.FIG.1 Pin ShankFIG.2“U”ShankFIG.3 Stab or Screw ShankStaple ButtonsFIG.4 Bell ShankStaple ButtonsFIG.5 ToggleStaple Attached Buttons1Copyright ASTM,100 Barr Harbor Drive,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.fabricate,vin buttons,the conversion of a blank into acompleted button.DISCUSSIONFabricating may require the turning of the face or backof the button with shaping tools,the drilling of sewing holes,and ifrequired the grinding,slotting and any other decorative tooling or shankinsertion which may be required.face,nin buttons,that portion which will be exposed afterattachment to the substrate.hole spacing,non a button,the distance from the center ofone hole to another.injection molding,nthe process of forming a material byforcing it,in a fluid state under pressure,through a runnersystem(sprue,runner,gate(s)into the cavity of a closedmold.laundering,na process used to refurbish a textile product orparts thereof by(1)cleaning it in water containing a cleaningagent,and possibly bleach,(2)drying it,and(3)usuallyironing or pressing it.launderability,nthe ability of a button to undergo multiplecycles of laundering without damage such as cracks or lossof finish.ligne,na unit of measure for buttons;one ligne equals 0.635mm(0.025 in.).luster,nin buttons,the degree of brilliance exhibited inpearlized or pearl buttons.metal cast button,na button produced by the casting ofmolten metals and metal alloys into single-cavity ormultiple-cavity molds.DISCUSSIONCast metal buttons can be electroplated and treated toproduce other finishes.orientation,nin buttons,the degree of order and spatialalignment of pearlescent pigment crystals internally or in acoating.pearlized,nin buttons,the addition of synthetic or naturalpearlescent pigments to the button resin formulation or to theformulation used for coating.DISCUSSIONButtons exhibiting a pearl-like luster are made in eitherof two ways:1)by incorporating pearlescent pigments into the resinformulation prior to casting or molding the button,or 2)by applying tothe button an external coating containing pearlescent pigments either byspraying or dipping.ring,nin but