ASTM_D_451_-_D_451M_-_17_2022.pdf

Designation:D451/D451M17(Reapproved 2022)Standard Test Method forSieve Analysis of Granular Mineral Surfacing for AsphaltRoofing Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D451/D451M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particlesize distribution of granular mineral surfacing material such ascrushed slate,stone,coated granules,and so forth,used on theweather surface of prepared asphalt roofing and shingles.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3.Summary of Test Method3.1 A weighed sample of granular mineral surfacing mate-rial is separated through a series of sieves of progressivelysmaller openings for the determination of particle size distri-bution.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method is used to determine the grading ofmaterials used as granular mineral surfacing.The results areused to determine compliance of the particle size distributionwith applicable specification requirements.5.Apparatus5.1 SievesAset of the sieves listed in Table 1,conformingto Specification E11.For routine testing,the group of sievesactually used shall include only those appropriate for thegranular material being graded.Coarser or finer sieves,onwhich less than 0.05 mass%of the specimen would be foundafter sieving,need not be included in the group.5.2 Sieve ShakerA mechanically operated sieve shaker,which produces a uniform rotary motion and tapping actionwith 140 to 160 taps per minute.The sieve shaker shall be fittedwith a plug to receive the impact of the tapping device.Theplug shall be one of the following:a hard maple plug;a#9black rubber plug;or a#22 cork plug as chosen by the user.Plug dimensions are:top diameter 44 6 1 mm,bottomdiameter 37 6 1 mm,and length of 38 6 6 mm.See Note 1.The entire apparatus shall be rigidly mounted by bolting to asolid foundation,preferably concrete.NOTE1Supporting data on the equivalency of the plug materials is onfile at ASTM Headquarters.5.3 Sample SplitterThe riffle sample splitter is an openV-shaped box in which a series of chutes is mounted at rightangles to the long axis to give a series of rectangular slots ofequal area alternatively feeding two trays placed on either sideof the trough.The sample is poured into the chute and split intoequal portions by the slots,until,after repeated cycles,asample of the desired size is obtained.A riffle sampler with 9.5or 12.7 mm 38or12in.divisions shall be used for reducingthe sample to the specimen required for sieve analysis.5.4 BalanceA laboratory balance sensitive to 0.1 g.6.Sampling6.1 Each shipment of mineral granules of a single type shallbe considered a unit for sampling.If a shipment contains morethan one type of granule,the entire quantity of each type in thevehicle shall be considered a unit for sampling.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on SteepRoofing Products and Assemblies.Current edition approved Nov.1,2022.Published November 2022.Originallyapproved in 1973.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D451/D451M 17.DOI:10.1520/D0451_D0451M-17R22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by th