ASTM_D_4_-_86_2010.pdf

Designation:D486(Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Method forBitumen Content1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.Although this test method was withdrawn by the Society in June 1966 at the request of Committee D04,the Committee onStandards has approved its reinstatement under the jurisdiction of Committee D08 on the basis that Procedure No.2 still applies totheir interest.Procedure No.1 has been replaced by Method D 2042,Test for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in Trichloroethylene.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of bitumencontent in materials containing at least 25%bitumen.Bitumencontent may usually be expeditiously and accurately deter-mined by Procedure No.1,Section 7.However,some bitumi-nous materials containing finely divided mineral matter mayclog the filter or the mineral residue may not be easily retained,in which cases Procedure No.2,Section 8,shall be followed.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility and regulatory limitations prior to use.For specificprecautionary information,see Section 4.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D370 Practice for Dehydration of Oil-Type PreservativesE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3.Apparatus,Reagents,and Materials3.1 Filtering Crucible,porcelain,high-form,25-to 40-mLcapacity,with fine-porosity bottom,7-m maximum porosity.NOTE1Selas grade 01,size FC 30 or FC 40,or equivalent.Availablefrom various laboratory supply houses.3.2 Celite Analytical Filter Aid(CAFA),dried to constantmass at 105C and stored in a tightly stoppered container.NOTE2Use Celite 211 or Celite 505.3.3 BeakersOne 30-mL beaker,Griffin low-form,and one150-mL beaker,Griffin low-form.3.4 Carbon Disulfide,cp.NOTE3For filled asphaltic materials,trichloroethylene may bedirectly substituted for carbon disulfide if desired.However,carbondisulfide shall be used in referee testing.3.5 Filtering Flask,with crucible adapter.3.6 Drying Oven.3.7 Bunsen Burner or Muffle Furnace.3.8 Suction Pump.3.9 Analytical Balance.3.10 Desiccator.3.11 Evaporating Dish.3.12 Watch Glasses.4.Safety Precautions4.1 Carbon disulfide is extremely flammable.The vapor willoften ignite spontaneously on contact with a hot surface such asa hot plate,oven,or radiator.When using this solvent,be surethat the filtration is conducted under a hood and well awayfrom flame or other sources of heat.Before placing crucibles orother containers in the oven,all traces of carbon disulfideshould be removed(as indicated by the disappearance of allodor).Otherwise,the vapors will ignite.Carbon disulfide isalso very irritating to the skin and direct contact should beavoided.5.Preparation of Sample5.1 The sample shall be representative,and if it containsmore than 2%of water it shall be dehydrated in accordancewith Test Method D370.If the material is hard and brittle,itmay be ground and dried at a temperature below the tempera-ture of volatilization of the material.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.03 onSurfacing and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-upRoofing.Current edition approved May 1,2010.Published May 2010.Originallyapproved in 1911.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4 86(2004).DOI:10.1520/D0004-86R10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.Crucible Preparation6.1 If the crucible,after thorough cleaning(see 6.2),hasbeen used for less than six determinations,clean it as follows:Remove the CAFA mat completely,wash the crucible withdistilled water,dry,and ignite in a muffle furnace for 1 h atabout 800C.Cool the crucible slowly by placing it in a dryingoven for 1 h after removal from the furnace to prevent crackingand place it in a desiccator while still warm.6.2 After the crucible has been used for six determinations,remove any residual ash from pores in the filtering area byboiling in 1+1 hydrochloric acid.Then boil the crucible indistilled water,