ASTM_D_5280_-_96_2013.pdf

Designation:D528096(Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forEvaluation of Performance Characteristics of Air QualityMeasurement Methods with Linear Calibration Functions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5280;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice2covers procedures for evaluating thefollowing performance characteristics of air quality measure-ment methods:bias(in part only),calibration function andlinearity,instability,lower detection limit,period of unattendedoperation,selectivity,sensitivity,and upper limit of measure-ment.1.2 The procedures presented in this practice are applicableonly to air quality measurement methods with linear continu-ous calibration functions,and the output variable of which is adefined time average.The linearity may be due to postprocess-ing of the primary output variable.Additionally,replicatevalues belonging to the same input state are assumed to benormally distributed.Components required to transform theprimary measurement method output into the time averagesdesired are regarded as an integral part of this measurementmethod.1.3 For surveillance of measurement method stability underroutine measurement conditions,it may suffice to check theessential performance characteristics using simplified tests,thedegree of simplification acceptable being dependent on theknowledge on the invariance properties of the performancecharacteristics previously gained by the procedures presentedhere.1.4 There is no fundamental difference between the instru-mental(automatic)and the manual(for example,wet-chemical)procedures,as long as the measured value is anaverage representative for a predefined time interval.Therefore,the procedures presented are applicable to both.Furthermore,they are applicable to measurement methods forambient,workplace,and indoor atmospheres,as well asemissions.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics2.2 ISO Standard:ISO 6879:1983 Air QualityPerformance Characteristicsand Related Concepts for Air Quality Measuring Meth-ods43.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice,refer toTerminology D1356.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:NOTE1The statistical performance characteristics used throughoutthis practice are estimated,by convention,at the confidence level1 =0.95.3.2.1 averaging timepredefined time interval length forwhich the air quality characteristic is made representative and the averaging time.3.2.1.1 DiscussionEvery measured value obtained is rep-resentative for a defined interval of time,the value of whichalways lies above a certain minimum due to the intrinsicproperties of the measuring procedure applied.In order toattain mutual comparability of data pertaining to comparableobjects,a normalization to a common,predefined interval oftime is necessary.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 on Air Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheresand Source Emissions.Current edition approved April 1,2013.Published April 2013.Originallyapproved in 1994.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5280 96(2007).DOI:10.1520/D5280-96R13.2This practice was adapted from International Standard ISO/DP 9169,preparedby ISO/TC 146/SC 4/WG 4,by the kind permission of the Chairman of ISO/TC 146and the Secretariat of ISO/TC 146/SC 4.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),1,ch.dela Voie-Creuse,CP 56,CH-1211 Geneva 20,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.1.2 DiscussionBy convention,this normalization isachieved by transformation by means of a simple,linear,andunweighted averaging process.(a)Series of Discrete Samples:c?!51K(k51Kc01k 2 1!?!(1)where:0=,andK=,(b)Continuous Time Series:c?!51*0dc?!(2)In both cases(a and b),the original sample,described by(t),is linked to a representative interval of time of length whereas(),the result after application of the averagingproc