ASTM_D_4763_-_06_2012.pdf

Designation:D476306(Reapproved 2012)Standard Practice forIdentification of Chemicals in Water by FluorescenceSpectroscopy1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4763;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice allows for the identification of 90 chemi-cals that may be found in water or in surface layers on water.This practice is based on the use of room-temperature fluores-cence spectra taken from lists developed by the U.S.Environ-mental Protection Agency and the U.S.Coast Guard(1).2Ref(1)is the primary source for these spectra.This practice is alsobased on the assumption that such chemicals are either presentin aqueous solution or are extracted from water into anappropriate solvent.1.2 Although many organic chemicals containing aromaticrings,heterocyclic rings,or extended conjugated double-bondsystems have appreciable quantum yields of fluorescence,thispractice is designed only for the specific compounds listed.Ifpresent in complex mixtures,preseparation by high-performanceliquidchromatography(HPLC),columnchromatography,or thin-layer chromatography(TLC)wouldprobably be required.1.3 If used with HPLC,this practice could be used for theidentification of fluorescence spectra generated by opticalmultichannel analyzers(OMA)or diode-array detectors.1.4 For simple mixtures,or in the presence of other non-fluorescing chemicals,separatory techniques might not berequired.The excitation and emission maximum wavelengthslisted in this practice could be used with standard fluorescencetechniques(Refs 2-6)to quantitate these ninety chemicals onceidentification had been established.For such uses,generationof a calibration curve,to determine the linear range for use offluorescence quantitation would be required for each chemical.Examination of solvent blanks to subtract or eliminate anyfluorescence background would probably be required.1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterE131 Terminology Relating to Molecular SpectroscopyE275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance ofUltraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in thispractice,refer to Terminology D1129,Specification D1193,and definitions under the jurisdiction of Committee E-13 suchas Definitions E131 and Practice E275.4.Summary of Practice4.1 This practice uses well tested fluorescence techniques todetect and identify(or determine the absence of)90 chemicalsthat have relatively high fluorescence yields.Table 1 lists foreach chemical an appropriate solvent(either cyclohexane,water,methyl or ethyl alcohol,depending on solubility),asuggested excitation wavelength for maximum sensitivity,awavelength corresponding to the emission maximum,thenumber of fluorescence peaks and shoulders,the width(fullwidth at half of the maximum emission intensity)of thestrongest fluorescence peak and the detection limit for theexperimental conditions given.Detection limits could belowered,following identification,by using broader slit widths.A list of corrected fluorescence spectra for the chemicalsincluded in this practice are also available(1).4.2 Identification of the sample is made by comparison ofthe obtained spectra with information in Table 1 and by directvisual comparison of appropriate spectra with positions of1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods for Analysis forOrganic Substances in Water.Current edition approved June 15,2012.Published August 2012.Originallyapproved in 1988.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4763 06.DOI:10.1520/D4763-06R12.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis practice.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 principal peaks in agreement to 62 nm and ratios of peakheights in agreement to 610%if corrected spectrofluorom-eters are used.4.3 Spectral distortions due to self-absorption or fluores-cence quenching or dimer formation may occur at higherconcentrations(for example,100 ppm or g/mL).If this issuspected,the solution should b