ASTM_D_4644_-_08.pdf

Designation:D464408Standard Test Method forSlake Durability of Shales and Similar Weak Rocks1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4644;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the slakedurability index of a shale or other similar rock after twodrying and wetting cycles with abrasion.1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.2.1 The method used to specify how data are collected,calculated,or recorded in this standard is not directly related tothe accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or otheruses,or both.How one applies the results obtained using thisstandard is beyond its scope.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD2113 Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling ofRock for Site ExplorationD2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil and Rock by MassD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD5079 Practices for Preserving and Transporting Rock CoreSamplesD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalDataE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3.Terminology3.1 For terminology used in this test method,refer toTerminology D6533.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 slake durability indexthe percentage by dry mass ofa collection of shale pieces retained on a 2.00 mm(No.10)sieve after two cycles of oven drying and 10 min of soaking inwater with a standard tumbling and abrasion action.4.Significance and Use4.1 The test method is used to estimate qualitatively thedurability of weak rocks in the service environment.(1-7).34.2 This test method is used to assign quantitative durabilityvalues to weak rocks.Aprimary example is the Franklin RatingSystem(1).NOTE1The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the competence of the personnel performing it,and thesuitability of the equipment and facilities used.Agencies that meet thecriteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competentand objective testing,sampling,inspection,and so forth.Users of thisstandard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not initself assure reliable results.Reliable results depend on many factors;Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.5.Apparatus5.1 Slake Durability DeviceThe drum(Fig.1)shall bemade of 2.00 mm(No.10)square-mesh,woven-wire cloth,conforming to the requirements of Specification E11.It shall becylindrical in shape,with a diameter of 140 mm(5.5 in.)anda length of 100 mm(3.9 in.).The ends shall be rigid plates,with one removable end.It must be sufficiently strong to retainits shape during use,but neither the exterior of the mesh nor theinterior of the drum shall be obstructed by a support.The drumshall be able to withstand a temperature of 110 6 5C(230 61This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.Current edition approved July 1,2008.Published July 2008.Originally approvedin 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4644 04.DOI:10.1520/D4644-08.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 9F).A trough shall support the drum in a horizontal mannersuch that the drum is free to rotate about its axis.The troughshall be capable of being filled with slaking fluid to 20 mm(0.8in.)below the drum axis,and shall allow at least 40 mm(1.6in.)unobstructed clearance between the trough and the bottomof the mesh.The drum shall be ro