ASTM_D_4486_-_18.pdf

Designation:D448618Standard Test Method forKinematic Viscosity of Volatile and Reactive Liquids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4486;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the measurement of kinematicviscosity of transparent,Newtonian liquids which because oftheir reactivity,instability,or volatility cannot be used inconventional capillary kinematic viscometers.This test methodis applicable up to 2 105N/m2(2 atm)pressure and tem-perature range from 53 C to+135 C(65 F to+275 F).1.1.1 For the measurement of the kinematic viscosity ofother liquids,see Test Method D445.The difference betweenthe two methods is in the viscometers.The viscometersspecified in used Specification D446 are open to theatmosphere,while the viscometers in this method are sealed.When volatile liquids are measured in sealed viscometers,thedensity of the vapor may not be negligible compared with thedensity of the liquid and the working equation of the viscom-eter has to account for that.See Section 11 for details.1.2 WARNINGMercury has been designated by manyregulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can causeserious medical issues.Mercury,or its vapor,has been dem-onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containingproducts.See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet(SDS)for additional information.The potential exists that sellingmercury or mercury-containing products,or both,is prohibitedby local or national law.Users must determine legality of salesin their location.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific warning statements,see 7.2,7.3,7.4,and AnnexA1.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D446 Specifications and Operating Instructions for GlassCapillary Kinematic ViscometersD2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometersand Viscosity Oil StandardsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersSI 10 IEEE/ASTM Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units(SI):The Modern Metric System3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 densitythe mass per unit volume of a substance at agiven temperature and pressure.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe cgs unit of density()has thedimensions of grams per cubic centimetre.The SI unit ofdensity has the dimensions of kilograms per cubic metre.3.1.2 dynamic viscosity,nthe ratio between the appliedshear stress and rate of shear of a material.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIt is sometimes called the coefficientof dynamic viscosity or absolute viscosity.Dynamic viscosityis a measure of resistance to flow or deformation whichconstitutes a materials ability to transfer momentum in re-sponse to steady or time-dependent external shear forces.Dynamic viscosity has the dimension of mass divided bylength and time and its SI unit is pascal times second(Pas).Among the transport properties for heat,mass,and momentumtransfer,dynamic viscosity is the momentum conductivity.3.1.3 kinematic viscosity,nthe ratio of the dynamicviscosity()to the density()of a material at the sametemperature and pressure.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.L0.07 on Engineering Sciences of High Performance Fluids and Solids(Formally D02.1100).Current edition approved Dec.1,2018.Published February 2019.Originallyapproved in 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4486 10.DOI:10.1520/D4486-18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established