ASTM_D_4520_-_18.pdf

Designation:D452018Standard Practice forDetermining Water Injectivity Through the Use of On-SiteFloods1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4520;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers a procedure for conducting on-sitecore flood tests to determine the filtration and chemicaltreatment requirements for subsurface injection of water.2,31.2 This practice applies to water disposal,secondaryrecovery,and enhanced oil recovery projects and is applicableto injection waters with all ranges of total dissolved solidscontents.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD2434 Test Method for Permeability of Granular Soils(Constant Head)(Withdrawn 2015)5D4404 Test Method for Determination of Pore Volume andPore Volume Distribution of Soil and Rock by MercuryIntrusion Porosimetry2.2 API Standards:6API RP27 Recommended Practice for Determining Perme-ability of Porous MediaAPI RP40 Recommended Practice for Core-Analysis Pro-cedure3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to water and waterchemistry,refer to Terminology D1129.For definitions ofterms relating to soil and rock,refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 filtration requirement,nthe maximum suspendedsolids size(in micrometres)allowed in an injection water tominimize formation plugging.3.2.2 test core,na sample cut from a full-core that hasbeen recovered from the formation into which water is in-jected.3.2.3 permeability,nthe capacity of a rock(or otherporous medium)to conduct liquid or gas;permaeability ismeasured as the proportionality constant between flow velocityand hydraulic gradient.3.2.4 pore volume,nthe porous mediums void-volumethat can be saturated with the transmitted fluid.3.2.5 porosity,nthe ratio(usually expressed as a percent-age)of the volume of voids of a given soil,rock mass,or otherporous medium to the total volume of the soil,rock mass,orother porous medium.3.2.6 rock-water interaction,na reaction between a po-rous rock and the injected water causing precipitation orswelling or release of fines(clays)within the rock.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents inWater.Current edition approved May 1,2018.Published June 2018.Originallyapproved in 1986.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4520 13.DOI:10.1520/D4520-18.2Farley,J.T.,and Redline,D.G.,“Evaluation of Flood Water Quality in theWest Montalvo Field,”Journal Petroleum Technology,July 1968,pp.683687.3McCune,C.C.,“On-Site Testing to Define Injection Water QualityRequirements,”Journal Petroleum Technology,January 1977,pp.1724.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.6Available from American Petroleum Institute(API),1220 L.St.,NW,Washington,DC 20005-4070,http:/www.api.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 4.Summary of Practice4.1 This practice assumes that the injection water has beencharacterized in terms of dissolved and suspended solidscontents(including hydrocarbons and other organics as appli