ASTM_D_4843_-_88_2009.pdf

Designation:D484388(Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Method forWetting and Drying Test of Solid Wastes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4843;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for determiningmaterial losses produced by repeated wetting and drying ofsolid waste specimens.It also covers the visual observation ofthe disintegration of solid specimens.1.2 This test method intends that the material used in theprocedure be physically,chemically,and biologically represen-tative;hence it does not address problems as a result of theinhomogeneity of specimens.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic CementPastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyD2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil and Rock by Mass3.Significance and Use3.1 This test method is intended for the evaluation of thewetting and drying resistance of monolithic,solid,solidified/stabilized wastes under the testing conditions of this testmethod.3.2 This test method may be used for the comparison ofwetting and drying resistance of wastes.3.3 Data tabulated in Table 1,Table 2,and Table 3 may beused to observe irregularities caused by inhomogeneity ofspecimens and/or comparison of mass loss-cycle relations ofdifferent wastes,as well as to measure method-related masslosses such as matrix dissolution.4.Apparatus4.1 Disposable Molds,44 mm inside diameter by 74 mm inlength.4.2 Balance or Scale,with a capacity at least 50%greaterthan the mass of the specimen and beaker,and a sensitivity of0.01 g.4.3 Drying Oven,a thermostatically controlled drying ovencapable of maintaining a temperature of 60 6 2C;to be usedfor drying moisture specimen and for the solids contentdetermination.4.4 Oven,capable of maintaining a temperature of 60 63C;at a nitrogen purge rate specified in 4.5.4.5 Flow Controller,to set nitrogen purge flow at a rate thatwill give 30 6 5 min residence time.4.6 Moisture Chamber,a suitably covered container capableof maintaining a temperature of 20 6 3C and minimum 95%relative humidity,for preconditioning specimens.4.7 Beakers,400-mLsize(narrow type),to store sample andto collect particulates.4.8 Tongs,to handle samples.5.Sample Preparation5.1 Specimen Size44 mm diameter by 74 mm in length.5.1.1 Specimens may be cut to size from larger samples.5.1.2 Specimens can also be molded in disposable plasticmolds.When molding specimens refer to Practice C305(see2.1).NOTE1Practice C305 refers to pastes and mortars.Molding materialswith different consistency may require modifications and may result indifferent precision.5.2 Condition samples that are not molded for this test in themoisture chamber for a period of seven days.5.2.1 Samples molded for this test have to be cured in themoisture chamber for a period of 28 days.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.06 onAnalytical Methods.Current edition approved Sept.1,2009.Published November 2009.Originallyapproved in 1988.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4843 88(2004)1.DOI:10.1520/D4843-88R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.Procedure6.1 Select one specimen for moisture content determination.6.2 Determine moisture content of sample with Test MethodD2216 but revised to use a temperature of 60 6 3C(seesection 2.2).6.3 Select three specimens for testing and three for controland mark them respectively.6.4 Weigh specimens(accuracy to 0.01 g).6.5 Place each specimen into a beaker of known tare mass(accuracy to 0.01 g)and cover it.6.5.1 Use watch glass or plastic wrap.6.5.2 The tare mass of beaker shall be determined afterdrying in accordance with Test Method D2216.6.6 Place the three beakers containing the testing specimensin an oven.Maintain the temperature at 60 6 3C for 24 hwhile purging the oven with nitrogen gas at the controlled flowrate corresponding to 30 6 5 min residence time.6.6.1 In order to remov