ASTM_D_4506_-_13e1.pdf

Designation:D4506131Standard Test Method forDetermining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock MassUsing Radial Jacking Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4506;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial corrections were made throughout in February 2014.1.Scope*1.1 This test method is used to determine the in situmodulus of deformation of rock mass by subjecting a testchamber of circular cross section to uniformly distributedradial loading;the consequent rock displacements aremeasured,from which elastic or deformation moduli may becalculated.The anisotropic deformability of the rock can alsobe measured and information on time-dependent deformationmay be obtained.1.2 This test method is based upon the procedures devel-oped by the U.S.Bureau of Reclamation featuring longextensometers(1).2An alternative procedure is also availableand is based on a reference bar(2).More information on radialjacking and its analysis is presented in References(3-8).1.3 Application of the test results is beyond the scope of thistest method,but may be an integral part of some testingprograms.1.4 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard.The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.Reporting oftest results in units other than inch-pound shall not be regardedas nonconformance with this test method.1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is usedwhen dealing with inch-pound units.In this system,the pound(lbf)represents a unit of force(weight),while the unit for massis slugs.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated,in this standard are regarded as theindustry standard.In addition,they are representative of thesignificant digits that generally should be retained.The proce-dures used do not consider material variation,purpose forobtaining the data,special purpose studies,or any consider-ations for the users objectives;and it is common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scopeof this standard to consider significant digits used in analyticalmethods for engineering design.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD4403 Practice for Extensometers Used in RockD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalData3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of common technical terms in thisstandard,refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 deformationthe change in the diameter of the exca-vation in rock(test chamber).1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.Current edition approved Nov.1,2013.Published December 2013.Originallyapproved in 1985.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4506 08.DOI:10.1520/D4506-13E01.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended tothis standard.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A circular test chamber is excavated and a uniformlydistributed pressure is applied to the chamber surfaces bymeans of flat jacks positioned on a reaction frame.Rockdeformation is measured by extensometers placed in boreholesperpendicular to the chamber surfaces.Pressure is measuredwith a standard hydraulic transducer.During the test,thepressure is cycled incrementally and deformation is read ateach increment.The modulus is then calculated.The pressureis held constant and deformation is observed over time todetermine time-dependent behavior.5.Significance and Use5.1 In this test met