ASTM_D_5495_-_03_2011.pdf

Designation:D549503(Reapproved 2011)Standard Practice forSampling With a Composite Liquid Waste Sampler(COLIWASA)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5495;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice describes the procedure for samplingliquids with the composite liquid waste sampler,or“COLI-WASA.”The COLIWASA is an appropriate device for obtain-ing a representative sample from stratified or unstratifiedliquids.Its most common use is for sampling containerizedliquids,such as tanks,barrels,and drums.It may also be usedfor pools and other open bodies of stagnant liquid.NOTE1Alimitation of the COLIWASAis that the stopper mechanismmay not allow collection of approximately the bottom inch of material,depending on construction of the stopper.1.2 The COLIWASA should not be used to sample flowingor moving liquids.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste SamplingD5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Waste SitesD5283 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-lated to Waste Management Activities:Quality Assuranceand Quality Control Planning and ImplementationD5743 Practice for Sampling Single or MultilayeredLiquids,With or Without Solids,in Drums or SimilarContainersD6232 Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment forWaste and Contaminated Media Data CollectionActivities3.Summary of Practice3.1 A clean device is slowly lowered into the liquid to besampled.After it has filled,the bottom of the sampling tube isclosed and the device is retrieved.The contents are subse-quently discharged into a sample container.4.Significance and Use4.1 This practice is applicable to sampling liquid wastes andother stratified liquids.The COLIWASA is used to obtain avertical column of liquid representing an accurate cross-sectionof the sampled material.To obtain a representative sample ofstratified liquids,the COLIWASA should be open at both endsso that material flows through it as it is slowly lowered to thedesired sampling depth.The COLIWASA must not be loweredwith the stopper in place.Opening the stopper after the tube issubmerged will cause material to flow in from the bottom layeronly,resulting in gross over-representation of that layer.4.2 This practice is to be used by personnel acquiringsamples.4.3 This practice should be used in conjunction with GuideD4687 which covers sampling plans,safety,QA,preservation,decontamination,labeling and chain-of-custody procedures;Practice D5088 which covers decontamination of field equip-ment used at waste sites;Practice D5283 which covers projectspecifications and practices for environmental field operations,and Practice D5743 which covers drum sampling.5.Sampling Equipment5.1 COLIWASAs are available commercially with differenttypes of stoppers and locking mechanisms,but they all operateusing the same principle.They can also be constructed frommaterials such as polyvinylchloride(PVC),glass,metal,or1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 onSampling Equipment.Current edition approved July 1,2011.Published September 2011.Originallyapproved in 1994.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5495-03(2007).DOI:10.1520/D5495-03R11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE).A traditional model of theCOLIWASAis shown in Fig.1 de Vera et al.3,4;however,thedesign can be modified or adapted,or both,to meet the needsof the sampler.COLIWASAs must be selected that are con-structed of materials compatible with the waste being sampledand with the analyses or tests to be performed.Due to theunknown nature of most containerized liquid wastes,COLI-WASAs made of glass or polytetrafluoroethylene are best forgeneral use.6.Sample Containers6.1 Plastic,glass or other nonreactive containers should beused.Refer to Guide D6232 for further information on con-tainers.7.Procedure7.1 Make certain the COLIWASA is clean and functioningproperly.It is essent