ASTM_D_4564_-_02a.pdf

Designation:D 4564 02aStandard Test Method forDensity of Soil in Place by the Sleeve Method1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4564;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the densityof soil in place by the sleeve method.1.2 The sleeve method of determining the density of soil inplace is used for cohesionless,granular soils for which othermethods of determining the density(sand cone,test pit,and thelike)may not be practical.Typically,the sleeve method isapplicable for soils that are predominantly fine gravel size,with a maximum of 5%fines,and a maximum particle size of34in.(19.0 mm).NOTE1There have been other methods developed for testing cohe-sionless soils.Compared to other methods,this procedure is convenientfor field construction control testing because smaller and lighter equip-ment is used and the test can be performed in a smaller area.1.3 A calibration equation is necessary in the application ofthis test method to obtain a reliable value of the in-placedensity of the soil(see Annex A1).The calibration equation isused to calculate the density of the soil in place from the massof dry soil per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method.1.3.1 The calibration equation is predetermined for a par-ticular soil type that is to be tested.When the soil changessignificantly in either gradation or particle angularity,thecalibration equation may have to be adjusted or redefinedbefore the sleeve method can be used.1.3.2 There may be certain soils meeting the general de-scription in 1.2 for which a calibration equation may not beappropriate due to unsatisfactory correlation of the data.Thesleeve method would not be applicable for these soils.1.3.3 There may be certain soils meeting the description in1.2 for which the calibration equation may be applicable onlyfor a certain range of densities.The sleeve method will givereliable values of the density in place only within that range ofdensities.1.4 It is common practice in the engineering profession toconcurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass(lbm)and a unit of force(lbf).This implicitly combines two separatesystems of units;that is,the absolute system and the gravita-tional system.It is scientifically undesirable to combine the useof two separate sets of inch-pound units within a singlestandard.This standard has been written using the gravitationalsystem of units when dealing with the inch-pound system.Inthis system the pound(lbf)represents a unit of force(weight).However,the use of balances or scales recording pounds ofmass(lbm),or the recording of density in lbm/ft3should not beregarded as nonconformance with this test method.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D 6026.The method used to specify how data arecollected,calculated,or recorded in this standard is not directlyrelated to the accuracy to which the data can be applied indesign or other uses or both.How one applies the resultsobtained using this standard is beyond its scope.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluids2D 2216 Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil and Rock by Mass2D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rockas Used in Engineering Design and Construction2D 4253 Test Methods for Maximum Index Density of SoilsUsing a Vibratory Table2D 4254 Test Methods for Minimum Index Density of Soilsand Calculation of Relative Density2D 4643 Test Method for Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil by the Microwave Oven Method2D 4753 Guidefor Evaluating,Selecting,and SpecifyingBalances and Scales for Use in Soil,Rock,and Construc-tion Material Testing2D 4959 Test Method for Determination of Water(Moisture)1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special andConstruction Control Tests.Current edition approved December 10,2002.Published January 2003.Origi-nally approved in 1986.Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4564 02.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.08.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.Co