ASTM_D_4488_-_95_2001e1.pdf

Designation:D 4488 95(Reapproved 2001)e1Standard Guide forTesting Cleaning Performance of Products Intended for Useon Resilient Flooring and Washable Walls1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4488;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTEA warning note was changed editorially in August 2001.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers the evaluation of the cleaning perfor-mance of products intended for use on resilient flooring orwashable walls.Such evaluations specifically exclude win-dows,mirrors,carpets,ceramic tiles,and laminated countertops.This guide provides techniques for soiling,cleaning,andevaluating performance of detergent systems under controlled,but practical,hard-surface cleaning conditions.1.2 Such systems include any detergent intended for clean-ing hard surfaces such as resilient flooring,washable wallsurfaces,and other hard surfaces,but excluding glass,ceramic,or other glossy surfaces.They may consist of solutions ofsoluble powdered detergent,dilutions of concentrated liquiddetergent,or products intended to be used full strength,forexample,foams,sprays,liquid,or paste.1.3 There is no universal soil/substrate combination that isrepresentative of the many soil-removal tasks required of thistype of cleaner in actual use conditions.Choice of soil/substrate and cleaning conditions should be by agreementbetween the testing laboratory and those using the data toevaluate cleaning performance relative to user experience.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Material SafetyData Sheets are available for reagents.Review them forhazards prior to usage.Specific precautionary statements aregiven in.2.Terminology2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.1.1 soilin hard surface cleaning,foreign matter on ahard surface.2.1.2 substratethe soiled surface that is being cleaned.3.Summary of Guide3.1 Soils are artificially applied in a standardized manner tospecified floor or wall substrates.The soiled surfaces arecleaned using a straight-line washability apparatus,and thecleaned substrates are evaluated instrumentally or visually by apanel of judges.4.Significance and Use4.1 This guide suggests methodology for cleaning tests.Soil/substrate combinations are generally designed to be analo-gous to soiled surfaces commonly encountered.This method-ology can be used with most soil/substrate combinations.Someexample test methods that have worked well in other labs areprovided in the annexes.There is no requirement for using thesoils listed in the annexes.It is the responsibility of the user toselect the appropriate battery of tests for the desired endresults.4.2 The results of tests based on this guide are regarded asdiagnostic screening values useful in formulation studies,quality control,and ingredient raw material qualification.Thisguide is intended to allow a choice in test conditions andsoil/substrate combinations appropriate to the evaluation athand.For interlaboratory comparisons,exact test conditionsmust be established before test results are compared.4.3 This guide is applicable to testing all types of multipur-pose household cleaners,whether the detergent is prepared bydissolving a soluble powder,a dilutable liquid,or is a pre-diluted product.It may also be useful for evaluation ofproducts or conditions normally associated with industrial orinstitutional cleaners.5.Preparation of Soil/Substrate Combinations5.1 Cleaning performance of a test product depends on theparticular combination of test soil and substrate.Soils andsubstrates to be cleaned should be selected as pairs.The usualcriteria for appropriate soil/substrate combinations are:relativeease of discriminability among cleaners to be tested;reproduc-ibility of the test performed;and correlation of test results withconsumer experience.5.1.1 While it may be reasonable to assume that lab tests1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soaps andOther Detergents and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.16 on HardSurface Cleaning.Current edition approved April 15,1995.Published June 1995.Originallypublished as D 4488-85.Last previous edition D 4488-89.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.using soil/substrate combinations found in normal practiceshould correlate with actual cleaning experience,no particularsoil/substrate combination is sufficiently representative byitself to provide a reliable index of cleaning performance for allcleaning tasks.Also