ASTM_D_5076_-_D_5076M_-_13.pdf

Designation:D5076/D5076M13Standard Test Method forMeasuring Voids in Roofing and Waterproofing Membranes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5076/D5076M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method includes two procedures for measuringthe area of voids in the adhesive between materials used inroofing and waterproofing systems.Both procedures require acount of the number of voids.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD2829 Practice for Sampling and Analysis of ExistingBuilt-Up Roof Systems3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,see Terminology D1079.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 All voids are counted and measured.In addition,inbuilt-up roofing and waterproofing membrane samples,voidsmay be classified into dry,glazed,uncoated,and overlyingvoids(see Terminology D1079).Count and measure only voidswith at least one dimension equal to or larger than 13 mm 0.5in.Smaller adhesive layer defects are not considered voids.4.2 The void area in each adhesive layer is estimated withthe aid of a template,or alternatively,digitized and measuredwith a computer.5.Significance and Use5.1 This laboratory test method can be used on multi-plyroofing and waterproofing systems to measure,classify,andcount the voids between felt plies,between insulation layers,and between the membrane and insulation layers.Voids be-tween the felt plies or between the membrane and insulationlayer in multi-ply systems can be the seeds for future blisters.5.2 In one-ply systems,this test method can be used to countand measure the voids in the adhesive in laps and,in adheredsystems,in the adhesive between the membrane and theinsulation.Voids in the lapping adhesive can be the source ofleakage while voids in the lapping adhesive or in the adhesivebetween the membrane and insulation can be the seeds forfuture blisters.6.Apparatus6.1 Freezer,for conditioning bituminous samples.A stan-dard freezer,such as that used for storing frozen foods,may beused provided it has the volume to loosely hold the samples tobe tested.Do not store food and condition samples in the sameequipment.6.2 Transparent Sheets,to record the size and location of thevoids.Any clear,rigid sheet that can be marked with a flow pencan be used.6.3 Flow Pen,or other marking device that is compatiblewith the transparent sheet selected.6.4 Void Estimating TemplateA stiff,305-mm212-in.2transparent template with a 25.4-mm 1-in.minimum grid.Special templates can be prepared and used with lap samples,or just part of the above template can be used.6.5 Computer Equipment and Image Analysis Software,fordigitalizing accurate images,and determining areas.7.Sampling,Test Specimens,and Test Units7.1 Samples may be from the laboratory or the field as inPractice D2829.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 onRoofing Membrane Systems.Current edition approved Dec.15,2013.Published December 2013.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5076 90(2006).DOI:10.1520/D5076_D5076M-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.2 Multiply samples must be at least 305 mm212 in.2.Lap samples,for single-ply systems,must be at least 305 mm12 in.long by the width of the lap.7.3 If desired,the voids may be classified into dry,glazed,or uncoated voids(see Terminology D1079).8.Procedure8.1 Delaminate the built-up roofing or waterproofingsamples.Be careful to maintain the same orientation for thefelts in each sample.To facilitate splitting,use coal-tar samplesconditioned at 0C 32F,asphalt-organic or asphalt-asbestosfelt samples conditioned at 18C 0F,or asphalt-glass feltsamples conditioned at 34C 30F.8.2 Examine both faces of each inter