ASTM_D_5875_-_D_5875M_-_13.pdf

Designation:D5875/D5875M13Standard Guide forUse of Cable-Tool Drilling and Sampling Methods forGeoenvironmental Exploration and Installation ofSubsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5875/D5875M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This guide covers cable-tool drilling and samplingprocedures used for geoenvironmental exploration and instal-lation of subsurface water-quality monitoring devices.1.2 Several sampling methods exist for obtaining samplesfrom drill holes for geoenvironmental purposes and subsequentlaboratory testing.Selection of a particular drilling procedureshould be made on the basis of sample types needed andgeohydrologic conditions observed at the study site.1.3 Drilling procedures for geoenvironmental explorationoften will involve safety planning,administration and docu-mentation.This guide does not purport to specifically addressexploration and site safety.NOTE1This guide does not include considerations for geotechnicalsite characterizations.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment.Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged,nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects.The word“Standard”in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthrough the ASTM consensus process.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1452 Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling by AugerBoringsD1586 Test Method for Penetration Test(SPT)and Split-Barrel Sampling of SoilsD1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils forGeotechnical PurposesD3550 Practice for Thick Wall,Ring-Lined,Split Barrel,Drive Sampling of SoilsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD4428/D4428M Test Methods for Crosshole Seismic Test-ingD5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Waste Sites3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.2 For definitions of general technical terms used withinthis guide,refer to Terminology D653.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 bailera long,narrow bucket,made from a piece oflarge-diameter pipe with a dart valve in the bottom,used toremove cuttings from the borehole.3.3.2 bentonitethe common name for drilling-fluid addi-tives and well-construction products consisting mostly of1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition approved Aug.1,2013.Published September 2013.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5875 95(2006).DOI:10.1520/D5875/D5875M-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 naturally occurring montmorillonite.Some bentonite productshave chemical additives which may affect water-quality analy-ses.3.3.3 bentonite granules and chipsirregularly-shaped par-ticles of bentonite(free from additives)that have been driedand separated into a specific size range.3.3.4 bentonite pelletsroughly spherical-or disc-shapedunits of compressed bentonite powder(some pellet manufac-turers coat the bentonite with chemicals that may affect thewater-quality analysis).3.3.5 collarthe section of a drill tool between the wrenchsquare and the pin or box joi