ASTM_D_5837_-_15.pdf

Designation:D583715Standard Test Method forFuranic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5837;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination in electricalinsulating liquids of products of the degradation of cellulosicmaterials such as paper,pressboard,and cotton materialstypically found as insulating materials in electrical equipment.These degradation products are substituted furan derivatives,commonly referred to as furanic compounds or furans.Thistest method allows either liquid/liquid or solid phase extraction(SPE)of the furanic compounds from the sample matrixfollowed by analysis for specific furanic compounds by HPLCor direct injection for analysis of specific furanic compoundsby HPLC.1.2 The individual furanic compounds that may be identi-fied and quantified include the following:5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehydefurfuryl alcohol2-furaldehyde2-acetylfuran5-methyl-2-furaldehyde1.3 The direct injection method generally has a higher limitof detection,especially for furfuryl alcohol.Greater interfer-ence for furfuryl alcohol may be expected when using thedirect injection method as opposed to extraction methods.1.4 This test method has been used to successfully test forfuranic compounds in mineral insulating oil,silicone fluid,high fire point electrical insulating oils of mineral origin,askarels,and perchloroethylene-based dielectric fluids.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating LiquidsD3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used inElectrical ApparatusD3612 Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved inElectrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography2.2 International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC)Stan-dard:Method 1198 Furanic Compounds Analysis in Mineral OilInsulating Oil33.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 adsorbent,nthe stationary phase in solid-phase ex-traction;silica is used as the adsorbent in this test method.3.1.2 extract,nthe liquid phase of a liquid/liquid extrac-tion containing the compound that has been extracted and thatwill be analyzed.3.1.3 liquid/liquid extraction,nthe preparative step ofextraction by mixing nonpolar test specimen with polar solventto preferentially partition and concentrate polar compounds ofinterest from an insulating liquid test specimen.3.1.4 mobile phase,nthe carrier liquid phase in an HPLCanalytical system used to transfer the prepared test specimen toand through the analytical column and detector;the composi-tion of the mobile phase affects elution time and separation ofanalytes.3.1.5 solid phase extraction(SPE),na preparative stepbased on column chromatography,where intermolecular inter-actions between adsorbent,solvent,and test specimen compo-nents are optimized to effect retention of analytes on asolid-phase extraction cartridge,followed by solvent elutionfrom the extraction cartridge.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 onElectrical Insulating Liquids and Gasesand is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D27.03 on Analytical Tests.Current edition approved Oct.1,2015.Published October 2015.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D5837 12.DOI:10.1520/D5837-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from IEC,IEC Central Office,3 rue de Varembe,P.O.Box 131,CH-1211,Geneva 20,Switzerland.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.6 ultraviolet(UV),adjreferring to that region of theelectromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths from 10 to380 nm.The UV detectors of most HPLC systems operate inthe range of wavelengths from 190 to 380 nm.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Furanic compounds in electrical insulating liquids areextracted from a known volume of test specimen by means ofa liquid/liquid extraction or solid-phase extraction.A directinjection of the oil also may be used.4.2 A portion of the extract or an aliquot of the oil isintroduced into an HPLC system