ASTM_D_5756_-_02_2008.pdf

Designation:D575602(Reapproved 2008)Standard Test Method forMicrovacuum Sampling and Indirect Analysis of Dust byTransmission Electron Microscopy for Asbestos MassSurface Loading1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5756;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure to(a)identifyasbestos in dust and(b)provide an estimate of the surfaceloading of asbestos in the sampled dust,reported as either themass of asbestos per unit area of sampled surface or as themass of asbestos per mass of sampled dust.1.1.1 If an estimate of asbestos structure counts is to bedetermined,the user is referred to Test Method D5755.1.2 This test method describes the equipment and proce-dures necessary for sampling,by a microvacuum technique,non-airborne dust for levels of asbestos.The non-airbornesample is collected inside a standard filter membrane cassettefrom the sampling of a surface area for dust which may containasbestos.1.2.1 This procedure uses a microvacuuming sampling tech-nique.The collection efficiency of this technique is unknown.Variability of collection efficiency for any particular substrateand across different types of substrates is also unknown.Theeffects of sampling efficiency differences and variability on theinterpretation of dust sampling measurements have not beendetermined.1.3 Asbestos identified by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)is based on morphology,selected area electron diffrac-tion(SAED),and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA).Some information about structure size is also determined.1.4 This test method is generally applicable for an estimateof the surface loading of asbestos starting from approximately0.24 pg of asbestos per square centimetre(assuming a mini-mum fiber dimension of 0.5 m by 0.025 m,see 17.8),butwill vary with the analytical parameters noted in 17.8.1.4.1 The procedure outlined in this test method employs anindirect sample preparation technique.It is intended to disag-gregate and disperse asbestos into fibrils and fiber bundles thatcan be more accurately identified,counted,and sized bytransmission electron microscopy.However,as with all indi-rect sample preparation techniques,the asbestos observed forquantitation may not represent the physical form of theasbestos as sampled.More specifically,the procedure de-scribed neither creates not destroys asbestos,but it may alterthe physical form of the mineral fibers.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.6This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD3195 Practice for Rotameter CalibrationD5755 Test Method for Microvacuum Sampling and IndirectAnalysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopyfor Asbestos Structure Number Surface LoadingD6620 Practice for Asbestos Detection Limit Based onCountsE832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers2.2 ISO Standards:ISO/10312 Ambient Air:Determination of Asbestos Fibers;Direct Transfer Transmission Electron Microscopy Proce-dure3ISO/CD13794 Ambient Air:Determination of Asbestos Fi-bres;Indirect-Transfer Transmission Electron MicroscopyProcedure33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQuality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.07 on Sampling andAnalysis of Asbestos.Current edition approved April 15,2008.Published July 2008.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D5756-02.DOI:10.1520/D5756-02R08.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.1 asbestiforma special type of fibrous habit in whichthe fibers are separable into thinner fibers and ultimately intofibrils.This habit accounts for greater flexibility and highertensile strength than other habits of the same mineral.For moreinformation on asbestiform mineralogy,see references(1),(2)and(3).43.1.2 asbestosa collective term that describes a group ofnaturally occurring,inorganic,highly fibrous silicate minerals,which are easily separated into long,thin,flexible fibers whencrushed or proce