ASTM_D_5737_-_D_5737M_-_14.pdf

Designation:D5737/D5737M14Standard Guide forMethods for Measuring Well Discharge1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5737/D5737M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This guide covers an overview of methods to measurewell discharge.This guide is an integral part of a series ofstandards prepared on the in-situ determination of hydraulicproperties of aquifer systems by single-or multiple-well tests.Measurement of well discharge is a common requirement tothe determination of aquifer and well hydraulic properties.1.2 This guide does not establish a fixed procedure for anymethod described.Rather,it describes different methods formeasuring discharge from a pumping or flowing well.Apumping well is one type of control well.A control well canalso be an injection well or a well in which slug tests areconducted.1.3 This guide does not address borehole flow meters thatare designed for measuring vertical or horizontal flow within aborehole.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitspresented in brackets are to be regarded separately asstandard.The values stated in each system may not be exactequivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independentlyof the other.Combining values from the two systems mayresult in non-conformance with the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Furthermore,it isthe users responsibility to properly dispose of water dis-charged.1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment.Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged,nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects.The word“Standard”in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthrough the ASTM consensus process.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1941 Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurementof Water with the Parshall FlumeD4043 Guide for Selection of Aquifer Test Method inDetermining Hydraulic Properties by Well TechniquesD5242 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurementof Water with Thin-Plate WeirsD5390 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurementof Water with Palmer-Bowlus FlumesD5716 Test Method for Measuring the Rate of Well Dis-charge by Circular Orifice Weir2.2 ISO Standard:Recommendation R541 Measurement of Fluid Flow byMeans of Orifice Plates and Nozzles32.3 ANSI Standard:Standard 1042 Part 1 Methods for the Measurement of FluidFlow in Pipes,1,Orifice Plates,Nozzles and VenturiTubes32.4 ASME Standard:Standard MFC-3M-1995 Measurement of Fluid Flow inPipes Using Orifice,Nozzle,and Venturi43.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of common terms usedwithin this guide refer to Terminology D653.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition approved June 1,2014.Published July 2014.Originally approvedin 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5737 95(2006).DOI:10.1520/D5737_D5737M-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME),ASMEInternational Headquarters,Two Park Ave.,New York,NY 10016-5990,http:/www.asme.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.Significance and Use4.1 This guide is limited to the description of test methodstypical for measurement of ground water discharge from acontrol well.4.1.1 Controlled field tests are the primary means of deter-mining aquifer properties.Most mathematical equations devel-oped for analyzing field tests require measurement of controlwell discharge.4.1.2 Discharge may be needed for evaluation