ASTM_D_5635_-_D_5635M_-_11.pdf

Designation:D5635/D5635M11Standard Test Method forDynamic Puncture Resistance of Roofing MembraneSpecimens1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5635/D5635M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the maximumdynamic puncture load that roofing membrane samples canwithstand,without allowing the passage of water,when sub-jected to impact from a rigid object having a sharp edge.1.2 This laboratory test can be conducted at any desiredtemperature using membrane samples manufactured in a fac-tory or prepared in a laboratory.1.3 Roof membrane specimens to which the test method isapplicable include bituminous built-up,polymer-modifiedbitumens,vulcanized rubbers,non-vulcanized polymeric,andthermoplastic materials.1.3.1 The applicability of this test method to these mem-brane specimens includes their use in vegetative roof systems.1.4 This test method is not applicable to aggregate-surfacedmembrane specimens;however,it is applicable to specimenshaving factory-applied granules.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C578 Specification for Rigid,Cellular Polystyrene ThermalInsulationD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method,referto Terminology D1079.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The roofing membrane test specimen,set on a thermalinsulation substrate,is subjected to a predetermined dynamicimpact load created by a rigid falling puncture head.The headfalls through a quarter-circle trajectory from a vertical positionto horizontal position under gravitational acceleration.4.2 The puncture energy is increased from 5 to 50 J 119 to1190 ftpdl in 2.5 J 59.4 ftpdl increments until puncture ofthe membrane specimen occurs or until the maximum energy isreached.4.3 Puncture of the test specimen is assessed by visualexamination and verified by conducting a watertightness test.5.Principle of the Test Method5.1 The energy at impact is equated to the potential energyof the raised puncture head as follows:E 5 mgH(1)where:m=mass of the puncture head(in kg or lbm),g=gravitational acceleration(in m/s2or ft/s2),andH=height through which the puncture head falls(in metresor feet).In this test method,the height is fixed at 0.51 m 1.67 ft.With gravitational acceleration being equal to 9.8 m/s232ft/s2,the impact energy is,thus,equal to the following:E 5 5m(2)where:m=kg.orE 5 53.4m(3)1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 onRoofing Membrane Systems.Current edition approved Feb.15,2011.Published May 2011.Originallyapproved in 1994.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D5635 04a.DOI:10.1520/D5635_D5635M-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 where:m=lbm.Increasing the mass of the puncture head from 1 to 10 kg2.2 to 22 lbm in increments of 0.5 kg 1.1 lbm increases thepuncture energy from 5 to 50 J 119 to 1190 ftpdl inincrements of 2.5 J 59.4 ftpdl.NOTE1A counter weight placed on the falling arm opposite to theaxis of rotation eliminates the need to include the mass of the arm in thedetermination of the impact energy.6.Significance and Use6.1 An important factor affecting the performance of mem-brane roofing systems is their ability to resist dynamic punctureloads.This test method provides a means to assess dynamicpuncture resistance.6.2 This test method can be used to compare the dynamicpuncture resistance of a single type of membrane as a functionof a variety of insulation substrates or,conversely,to comparethe resistance of a number of membrane specimens set on asingle type of insulation.6.3 The effect of temperature on puncture resistance can bestudied by conducting the test under controlled conditionsusing such equipment as an environmental ch