ASTM_D_5548_-_13.pdf

Designation:D554813Standard Guide forEvaluating Color Transfer or Color Loss of Dyed Fabrics inLaundering(Not Suitable for Detergent or Washing MachineRankings)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5548;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers the evaluation of the effect of dyestuffcolor transfer or color loss from dyed fabrics.It is designed asa laboratory screening test to aid in the formulation ofdetergent products or the comparison of two or more deter-gents.1.2 There is no single assessment that will give the overallperformance of a laundry product.A single test can onlysuggest how a formulation performs under the particularconditions chosen for the evaluation and cannot be expected toreflect comparative product performance under the many otherpossible conditions of use.A series of assessments is alwaysnecessary in order to evaluate the many aspects of productperformance.It is necessary to conduct confirming tests undercontrolled but practical home-laundering conditions to simu-late consumer experience.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard.The values given inparentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D459 Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other DetergentsD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesE179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions forMeasurement of Reflection and Transmission Propertiesof MaterialsE1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry2.2 AATCC Methods:Evaluation Procedure 6 Instrumental Color Measurement3Evaluation Procedure 7 Instrumental Assessment of theChange in Color of a Test Specimen33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 See Terminology D459.3.1.2 laundering,na process intended to remove soils orstains,or both,by treatment(washing)with an aqueousdetergent solution and normally including subsequent rinsing,extraction,and drying.3.1.3 rinse,v or na process or treatment in an aqueousmedium for the purpose of removing extraneous matter fromtextile materials.4.Summary of Guide4.1 Three fabrics are chosen that exhibit varying degrees ofcolor loss or transfer.A nylon fabric is dyed with a heavyconcentration of a red dye that will exhibit the greatest amountof color loss or transfer.Two cotton fabrics are dyed with bluedyes,which provide a light and intermediate level of color lossand transfer.A bleached undyed cotton fabric is washed in thesame bucket as the dyed fabrics to act as a receptacle for thefugitive dyestuff.4.2 The evaluation is performed in a laboratory washerunder standardized conditions.It is possible to rank one ormore detergents using instrumental readings and determiningthe E*values.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soaps andOther Detergents and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.25 onConsumer Standards.Current edition approved June 1,2013.Published July 2013.Originally approvedin 1994.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D5548 052.DOI:10.1520/D5548-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC),P.O.Box 12215,Research Triangle Park,NC 27709.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Apparatus5.1 Laboratory WasherA laboratory-scale,agitator-typewashing machine.45.2 Photoelectric Colorimeter.5.3 Fabrics:5.3.1 Spun nylon 6.6 fabric dyed with Acid Red 151 at2.5%.5.3.2 Cotton print cloth dyed with Direct Blue 71 at 0.4%.5.3.3 Cotton print cloth dyed with Direct Blue 90 at 0.75%.5.3.4 Bleached cotton print cloth(undyed).6.Materials6.1 One Swatch412by 6 in.(114 by 152 mm)spun nylon6.6 fabric dyed Acid Red 151 for each detergent beingevaluated.6.2 Three Swatches412by 6 in.(114 by 152 mm)cottonprint cloth dyed Direct Blue 90 for each detergent beingevaluated.6.3 Three Swatches412by 6 in.(114 by 152 mm)cottonprint cloth dyed Direct Blue 71 for each detergent beingevaluated.6.4 One Swatch412by 6 in.(114 by 152 mm)bleachedcotton print cloth for each detergent being evaluated.6.5 Detergent(s)Being Evaluated.6.6 Laundry Additive(s)Being Evaluated(Optional).6.7 Hard-Water Stock SolutionPr