ASTM_D_5429_-_04.pdf

Designation:D 5429 04Standard Practice forPretreatment of Backing Fabrics Used in TextileConservation Research1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5429;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the washing,rinsing,drying,iron-ing,and related testing of backing fabrics prior to their use intextile conservation research.Both sturdy and delicate pretreat-ment procedures for backing fabrics are described.1.2 This practice applies only to the pretreatment of thebacking fabrics with which a textile artifact might be incontact.This practice is not to be applied to any textile artifact,whether it be fragile,sturdy,historic,or contemporary,as otherconsiderations and treatments would be required.Decisionsregarding the conservation treatment of textile artifacts shouldbe made only by textile conservators.1.3 This practice on pretreatment of backing fabrics used intextile conservation research is limited to use on greige goods.Considerations for dyed or bleached backing fabric will not beaddressed in this practice.1.4 The procedures in this practice concern:1.4.1 Removal of sizings and any impurities left in thebacking fabric from the manufacturing process,1.4.2 Preshrinking of the backing fabric,and1.4.3 Testing for impurities.1.5 All backing fabrics used in textile conservation researchshould be pretreated before use.Even greige fabrics obtainedas“preshrunk”and“desized”should be pretreated to furtherreduce shrinkage and residual amounts of sizing and impuri-ties.Residual shrinkage and impurities might be a source ofunwanted variables in research.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 2960 Method of Controlled Laundering Test Using Natu-rally Soiled Fabrics and Household AppliancesD 5038 Terminology of Textile Conservation2.2AATCC Test Method:AATCC Test Method 81 Determination of pH of the Water-Extract from Bleached Textiles32.3Other Document:Spot Tests for Identification of Warp Sizes on Fabrics43.Terminology3.1 For all terminology related to textile conservation,seeTerminology D 5038.3.1.1 The following textile conservation terms are relevantto this standard;conservation and conservator.3.2 For definitions of other textile terms that appear in thispractice,refer to Terminology D 123.For definitions of con-servation terms used in this practice refer to TerminologyD 5038.4.Significance and Use4.1 This practice applies only to the pretreatment of thebacking fabric by washing,rinsing,drying,and ironing beforethe backing fabric will be used in textile conservation research.Textile artifacts of historic and artistic value must not betreated using this practice.Decisions regarding the conserva-tion treatment of textile artifacts should be made only by textileconservators.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.53 on Consumer Textiles andTextile Conservation.Current edition approved June 1,2004.Published June 2004.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandardsvolume information,refer to the standrds Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3AATCC Technical Manual,available from the American Association of TextileChemists and Colorists,P.O.Box 12215,Research triangle Park,NC 27709.4Livengood,C.D.,“Spot Tests for Identification of Warp Sizes on Fabrics,Textile Industries,September 1983,pp.114-115.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.4.2 This practice describes two procedures:sturdy anddelicate pretreatments.Considerations of fiber content,yarnconstruction,and fabric construction will affect which proce-dure is chosen.4.3 This practice provides for both the preshrinkage ofbacking fabrics used in textile conservation research and theremoval of impurities such as water soluble sizings and othersoils.Even backing fabrics obtained as“preshrunk”and“desized”should be pretreated to further reduce any residualamounts of sizing and shrinkage.Residual shrinkage andimpurities might provide a source of unwanted variabiles inresearch.Not all sizings currently in use are water soluble,andsome still might remain on the fabric even after pretreatment.4.4 This practice is designed so that potentially harmfulimpurities,such as detergent residues,will not be added tobacki