ASTM_D_6191_-_97_2014.pdf

Designation:D619197(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Evolved Formaldehyde from WaterReducible Air-Dry Coatings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6191;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method may be used to measure the amount offormaldehyde evolved from air-dry water reducible coatingsutilizing latices,resin emulsions,or water reducible alkyds.The results may be used to define the“free”formaldehydeevolved from a sample under controlled laboratory conditions.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2194 Test Method for Concentration of FormaldehydeSolutions3.Summary of Test Method3.1 A sample of water reducible coating is placed on thewalls of a test tube with a drawdown rod and purged withnitrogen.The evolved formaldehyde is collected in deionizedwater with tandem impingers and measured colorimetricallyusing acetylacetone at 412 nm.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method measures the amount of formaldehydethat is released from a coating under laboratory conditions.Theamount of formaldehyde available for release from a coatingmay vary depending on composition,and may decrease as thesample ages.4.2 This test method may be used for typical air dried paintswhere water is the major volatile material.The useful range isestimated to be from 10 ppm to 1000 ppm formaldehyde in thesample.4.3 Significant amounts of other volatile aldehydes,such asacetaldehyde,are reported to cause an interference with thedetermination of formaldehyde.This limitation is not expectedto cause a problem for most common water reducible coatings.4.4 Samples containing organic solvents as the major vola-tile component have not been evaluated and are not expected tobe compatible with this test method.5.Apparatus5.1 Formaldehyde Collection Apparatus,assembled using aflowmeter to control the nitrogen flow at;1.0 L/min,a 25 by200 mm outside diameter long glass test tube,and two 30-mLmidget impingers.Connections are made with glass tubesthrough a No.4 two-hole rubber stopper and clear flexibletubing(see Fig.1).5.2 Drawdown Bar,stainless steel No.22 wire-wound6.4-mm rod.5.3 Glass Sample Bottles,(;2 oz),capable of holding30-mL solution.5.4 Spectrophotometer,capable of measuring the absor-bance of solutions at 412 nm with a minimum sample light pathof 10 mm.6.Reagents6.1 Acetylacetone SolutionDissolve 150 6 0.1 g ammo-nium acetate in;600 mL deionized water in a 1-L volumetricflask.Add 3.0-mL glacial acetic acid and 2.0-mL acetylacetone(2,4 pentanedione)and dilute to volume.6.2 Formaldehyde SolutionUse 37%in methanol/water,commercial stock standard solution.If a commercially cali-brated 37%standard solution is not being used,the concen-tration of formaldehyde may determined in accordance withTest Method D2194.Then,the actual concentrations of theworking calibrations standards are to be calculated using themeasured value.(WarningFormaldehyde,acetylacetone,and the other reagents used in this test method are toxic or1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved July 1,2014.Published July 2014.Originally approvedin 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6191 97(2008)1.DOI:10.1520/D6191-97R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 hazardous.Exposure to these materials should be minimized.Consult the suppliers Material Safety Data Sheet for specifichazard information.)6.3 Formaldehyde Calibration StandardsPrepare a 100-ppm stock solution by diluting 25 uLof the 37%formaldehydesolution to 100 mL with deionized water.Dilute this interme-diate stock solution to prepare at least 5 calibration standards.Pipeting 0.5,3,5,7 and 10 mL aliquots of the stock solutioninto 100-mL volumetric flasks and diluting with deionizedwater will prepare calibration standards of 0.5,3,5,7 and 10ppm formaldehyde.7.Calibration7.1 Prepare a series of at least 5 standards(6.3)plus a blankby adding 5 mL of the formaldehyde calibration standards or 5mL deionized water into test t