ASTM_D_5993_-_18_2022.pdf

Designation:D599318(Reapproved 2022)Standard Test Method forMeasuring Mass per Unit Area of Geosynthetic Clay Liners1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5993;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination ofthe mass per unit area of a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner(GCL).The test method is also applicable to a multicomponentGCL.The dry mass of the clay can be found by simplysubtracting the manufacturers reported nominal mass of thegeosynthetic component(s)from the total mass of the dry GCL.The moisture content of the GCL can also be determined bysubtracting the initial total mass of the GCLfrom the total massof the dry GCL.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.See Section 8 for specific precautionary statements.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4643 Test Method for Determination of Water Content ofSoil and Rock by Microwave Oven HeatingD4753 Guide for Evaluating,Selecting,and Specifying Bal-ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil,Rock,andConstruction Materials TestingE145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation OvensE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 geosynthetic,na planar product manufactured frompolymeric material used with soil,rock,earth,or other geo-technical engineering-related material as an integral part of amanmade project,structure,or system.D44393.1.2 geosynthetic clay liner,na manufactured hydraulicbarrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers ofgeosynthetic material(s).3.1.3 moisture content,nthat part of the mass of ageosynthetic clay liner that is absorbed water,compared to themass of dry clay.3.1.4 multicomponent GCL,nGCL with an attached film,coating,or membrane decreasing the hydraulic conductivity orprotecting the clay core,or both.3.1.5 oven-dried,adjthe condition of a material that hasbeen heated under prescribed conditions of temperature andhumidity until there is no further significant change in its mass.D1234.Summary of Test Method4.1 The mass per unit area is determined by weighing(oven-dried)specimens of known initial size after drying in anoven over a sufficient time period to remove the moisture fromthe GCL.4.2 The mass per unit area of the clay component of theGCL can be estimated by subtracting the manufacturersreported nominal mass per unit area of the synthetic compo-nent(s)and,if added,any additional components(for example,sand,bituminous layer,etc.)from the total GCL mass per unitarea.NOTE1The supplier of the geosynthetic clay liner must be able toverify that the actual mass/unit area of the synthetic component(s)iswithin 610%of the reported nominal value.A more accurate estimationof the actual dry clay mass per unit area could be obtained by using theactual average value for the synthetic component(s)(as obtained from the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosyn-thetic Clay Liners.Current edition approved Oct.1,2022.Published October 2022.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D5993 18.DOI:10.1520/D5993-18R22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1manufacturer for the actual lots used to make the GCL)rather than theno