ASTM_D_5887_-_09.pdf

Designation:D588709Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Index Flux Through Saturated GeosyntheticClay Liner Specimens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5887;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers an index test that coverslaboratory measurement of flux through saturated geosyntheticclay liner(GCL)specimens using a flexible wall permeameter.1.2 This test method is applicable to GCL products havinggeotextile backing(s).It is not applicable to GCL products withgeomembrane backing(s),geofilm backing(s)or polymer coat-ing backing(s).1.3 This test method provides a measurement of flux undera prescribed set of conditions that can be used for manufactur-ing quality control.The test method can also be used to checkconformance.The flux value determined using this test methodis not considered to be representative of the in-service flux ofGCLs.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard,unless other units are specifically given.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil and Rock by MassD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4753 Guide for Evaluating,Selecting,and Specifying Bal-ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil,Rock,andConstruction Materials TestingE145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation OvensE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 flux,nthe rate of discharge of water under laminarflow conditions through a unit cross-sectional area of a GCLspecimen.3.1.2 geosyntheticclayliner(GCL),nafactory-manufactured geosynthetic hydraulic barrier consisting of claysupported by geotextiles,or geomembranes,or both,that areheld together by needling,stitching,or chemical adhesives.3.1.3 index test,na test procedure that may contain a bias,but that may be used to establish an order for a set of specimenswith respect to the property of interest.3.1.4 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,see Terminology D653 and Terminology D4439.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method involves permeation of a 100-mm(4-in.)diameter GCL test specimen.The specimen is set up ina flexible-wall permeameter,subjected to a total stress of 550kPa(80 psi)and a backpressure of 515 kPa(75 psi)for a periodof 48 h.Flow is initiated using deionized water by raising thepressure on the influent side of the test specimen to 530 kPa(77psi).The flux is determined when inflow and outflow areapproximately equal(within 625%).5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method yields the flux of water through asaturated GCL specimen that is consolidated,hydrated,andpermeated under a prescribed set of conditions.5.2 This test method can be performed to determine if theflux of a GCL specimen exceeds the maximum value stated bythe manufacturer.5.3 This test method can be used to determine the variationin flux within a sample of GCL by testing a number of differentspecimens.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosyn-thetic Clay Liners.Current edition approved June 1,2009.Published July 2009.Originally approvedin 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5887 08.DOI:10.1520/D5887-09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.4 This test method does not provide a flux value to be useddirectly in design calculations.NOTE1Flux for in-service conditions depends on a number of factors,including confining pressure,type of hydration fluid,degree of hydration,degree of saturation,type of permeating fluid,and hydraulic gradient.Correlation between flux values obtained with this test method and fluxthrough GCLs subjected to in-service conditions has not been fullyinvestigated.5.5 This test method does not provide a value of hydraulicconductivity.Although hydraulic conductivity can be deter-mined in a manner similar to the method described in this testmethod,the thickness of the sp