Designation:D6156–97AnAmericanNationalStandardStandardPracticeforUseofReversed-PhaseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographicSystems1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD6156;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thispracticecoversrequirementsfordefining,testing,andverifyingtheperformanceofhighperformanceliquidchromatographic(HPLC)systemswhenusedfortraceanalysisofpesticidesandtoxicsubstancesincarryingoutpollutioncontrolprogramsandinassessingthequalityoffoodproductsasmandatedbynationallawsandregulations.Asapracticalmatter,thispracticeisintendedtocoverrequirementsofreversed-phase(adsorption)HPLCsystems.Microborecolumnandion-exchangecolumnHPLCsystemsarenotcoveredhere.Itisnotintendedtoexcludeanyotherequivalentmeansofanalysis.AnHPLCsystemcansuccessfullybeappliedintheanalysisofavarietyofsampletypesincludinggroundandsurfacewater,municipalandindustrialeffluents,workplaceair,soilsandsediments,plantandanimaltissue,andfoodproducts(1,2,3).2Collectionandextractiontechniques,appropriatetothesampletype,arerequiredpriortoanalysis.Samplingtechniquesandmeasurementmethodsarenotcoveredinthisrecommendation;however,somerelevantmeasurementmeth-odsmaybefoundinreferenceslistedinAppendixX1.NOTE1—Highperformanceliquidchromatographyissynonymouswithhighpressureliquidchromatography.1.2MetrologicalandtechnicalrequirementsareprovidedforthemajorcomponentsofanHPLCsystemincludingthepump(s),injector(s),column(s),detector(s),andtemperaturecontrolanddatahandlingsystems.Theconditionsofoperationofasingleintegratedinstrument,oronecombinedfromseparatecomponents,areintendedtocovertheapplicationfortraceanalysis.1.3Basicallyfourtypesofpackedcolumnsforliquidchromatographyexist:partition,adsorption,ionexchange,andgelpermeation.Othertermsareusedtorefertoeachtype.Formanyseparations,...
