ASTM_D_5984_-_11_2017.pdf

Designation:D598411(Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forSemi-Quantitative Field Test Method for Base Number inNew and Used Lubricants by Color-Indicator Titration1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5984;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining thebasic constituents in petroleum products in the field or labora-tory using a pre-packaged test kit.The test uses a micro-titration resulting in a visual endpoint facilitated by a colorindicator.1.1.1 This test method covers base numbers from 0 to 20.Itcan be extended to higher ranges by diluting the sample or byusing a smaller sample size;however,the precision data wereobtained for base numbers up to 20.1.2 This test method can be used to indicate relative changesthat occur in an oil during use under oxidizing conditions.Although the test is performed under closely specified condi-tions with standardized reagents,the test method does notmeasure an absolute basic property that can be used to predictperformance of an oil under service conditions.No generalrelationship between bearing corrosion and base number isknown.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3.1 ExceptionThe values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric Perchloric Acid TitrationD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 base number,nthe quantity of a specified acid,expressed in terms of the equivalent number of milligrams ofpotassium hydroxide per gram of sample,required to titrate asample in a specified solvent to a specified endpoint using aspecified detection system.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThis test method uses fixed amounts ofisooctane and alcoholic hydrochloric acid as the sample solventand the endpoint is defined as the amount of titrant required toreach a yellow endpoint with a methyl red indicator solution.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 To determine the base number of an oil sample,thesample is dissolved in a fixed amount of iso octane andalcoholic hydrochloric acid.The solution is mixed well with7 mL of sodium chloride solution and the aqueous and organicphases are allowed to separate.The aqueous phase is thendecanted off and a small amount of methyl red indicator isadded.The solution is titrated with a solution of sodiumhydroxide contained in a calibrated 1 mL micro-burette.Whenthe solution changes from magenta to yellow,the titration isstopped and the base number is read off the side of the titrationburette.5.Significance and Use5.1 New and used petroleum products can contain basicconstituents that are present as additives or as degradation1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.Current edition approved May 1,2017.Published July 2017.Originally approvedin 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D5984 11.DOI:10.1520/D5984-11R17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 products formed during service.The amount of these additivesin an oil can be determined by titrating against an acid.Thebase number is a measure of the amount of basic substance inthe oil,always under the conditions of th