ASTM_D_5798_-_21.pdf

Designation:D579821Standard Specification forEthanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5798;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automo-tive fuel blends of ethanol and gasoline for use in groundvehicles equipped with ethanol fuel blend flexible-fuel spark-ignition engines.Fuel produced to this specification contains51%to 83%by volume ethanol.This fuel is for use inflexible-fuel vehicles and is sometimes referred to at retail as“Ethanol Flex-Fuel.”Appendix X1 discusses the significanceof the properties specified.1.2 The vapor pressure of ethanol fuel blends is varied forseasonal climatic changes.Vapor pressure is increased at lowertemperatures to ensure adequate flexible-fuel vehicle operabil-ity.Ethanol content and selection of hydrocarbon blendstockare adjusted by the blender to meet these vapor pressurerequirements.1.3 This specification formerly covered Fuel Ethanol(Ed70-Ed85)for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines,also knowncommercially as E85.The nomenclature“fuel ethanol”hasbeen changed to“ethanol fuel blends”to distinguish thisproduct from denatured fuel ethanol Specification D4806.Tofacilitate blending of ethanol fuel blends that meet seasonalvapor pressure requirements,a new lower minimum ethanolcontent has been established.1.4 The United States government has established variousprograms for alternative fuels.Many of the definitions ofalternative fuel used by these programs may be more restrictivethan the requirements of this specification.See 4.1.2.1 foradditional information on alternative fuels containing ethanol.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses after SI units areprovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest method portion,8.1.8,of this specification.This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety,health,and environ-mental practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products andLiquid Fuels at Atmospheric PressureD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-leum Products by Copper Strip TestD381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-rationD525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline(In-duction Period Method)D1613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents andChemical Intermediates Used in Paint,Varnish,Lacquer,and Related ProductsD1688 Test Methods for Copper in WaterD3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in GasolineD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products,LiquidFuels,and LubricantsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace Contamination1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is under the direct responsi-bility of Subcommittee D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.Current edition approved Oct.1,2021.Published October 2021.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D5798 20.DOI:10.1520/D5798-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-ing with Gasolines for Use as Automotiv