ASTM_D_5763_-_22a.pdf

Designation:D576322aStandard Test Method forOxidation and Thermal Stability Characteristics of Gear OilsUsing Universal Glassware1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5763;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the oxida-tion characteristics of extreme pressure and non-extreme pres-sure gear oils and includes the quantitative determination oftotal sludge,viscosity change,and oil loss.NOTE1While the round-robin tests used ISO VG 220 extremepressure gear oils for developing precision data,the test method can beextended to other viscosity grades and to non-extreme pressure gear oils.Refer to Classification D2422 for viscosity grades.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-cosity SystemD2893 Test Methods for Oxidation Characteristics ofExtreme-Pressure Lubrication OilsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products,LiquidFuels,and LubricantsD4871 Guide for Universal Oxidation/Thermal StabilityTest Apparatus3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 See Terminology D4175 for a list of terms relating topetroleum products,liquid fuels,and lubricants.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 adherent sludge,nsludge that is formed on the wallsof a container and is not easily removed.3.2.2 aliquot,nportion of sample being tested that is arepresentative portion of the whole.3.2.3 extreme pressure gear oil,na fluid for the lubrica-tion of gears that contains chemical additives,such as sulfurand phosphorus compounds,which produce a protective filmon the metal surface to provide enhanced load carryingcapability.3.2.4 filterable sludge,nsludge that is formed in the oil.3.2.5 non-extreme pressure gear oil,na fluid for thelubrication of gears that contains no chemical additives thatproduce a protective film on the metal surface to provideenhanced load carrying capability.3.2.6 oxidation,nthe process by which oxygen chemicallyreacts with materials.3.2.7 sludge,nin gear oils,a precipitate that sometimesforms as the oil ages or oxidizes that is insoluble in n-heptane.3.2.8 universal glassware,nthe glassware that is de-scribed in the universal oxidation thermal stability test.Referto Guide D4871.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The viscosity of the gear oil being tested is determined.A 100 g aliquot of the oil in a weighed apparatus is subjectedto a temperature of 120 C for 312 h while dry air is passedthrough the aliquot at 3 L h.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.09.0D on Oxidation of Lubricants.Current edition approved Nov.1,2022.Published November 2022.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2022 as D5763 22.DOI:10.1520/D5763-22A.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.14.2 At the end of the stress period,the aliquot is cooled toroom temperature.The apparatus is reweighed to determine oilloss.Filterable sludge is recovered by vacuum filtration usinga 2.8 m glass fiber filter medium.The viscosity of the filteredoil is det