ASTM_D_5674_-_95_2014.pdf

Designation:D567495(Reapproved 2014)Standard Guide forOperation of a Gaging Station1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5674;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 The guide covers procedures used commonly for thesystematic collection of streamflow information.Continuousstreamflow information is necessary for understanding theamount and variability of water for many uses,including watersupply,waste dilution,irrigation,hydropower,and reservoirdesign.1.2 The procedures described in this guide are used widelyby those responsible for the collection of streamflow data,forexample,the U.S.Geological Survey,Bureau of Reclamation,U.S.Army Corps of Engineers,U.S.Department ofAgriculture,Water Survey Canada,and many state and pro-vincial agencies.The procedures are generally from internaldocuments of the preceding agencies,which have become thedefacto standards used in North America.1.3 It is the responsibility of the user of the guide todetermine the acceptability of a specific device or procedure tomeet operational requirements.Compatibility between sensors,recorders,retrieval equipment,and operational systems isnecessary,and data requirements and environmental operatingconditions must be considered in equipment selection.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1941 Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurementof Water with the Parshall FlumeD3858 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurementof Water by Velocity-Area MethodD5129 Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurementof Water Indirectly by Using Width ContractionsD5130 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurementof Water Indirectly by Slope-Area MethodD5242 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurementof Water with Thin-Plate WeirsD5243 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurementof Water Indirectly at CulvertsD5388 Test Method for Indirect Measurements of Dischargeby Step-Backwater MethodD5389 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurementby Acoustic Velocity Meter SystemsD5390 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurementof Water with Palmer-Bowlus FlumesD5413 Test Methods for Measurement of Water Levels inOpen-Water BodiesD5541 Practice for Developing a Stage-Discharge Relationfor Open Channel Flow2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 1100 Liquid Flow Measurement in Open ChannelsPart I:Establishment and Operation of a Gauging StationISO 6416 Measurement of Discharge by Ultrasonic(Acous-tic)Method3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Terminology D1129.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 controlthe physical properties of a channel,whichdetermine the relationship between the stage and discharge ofa location in the channel.3.2.2 datuma level plane that represents zero elevation.3.2.3 dischargethe volume of water flowing through across-section in a unit of time,including sediment or other1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments,Geomorphology,and Open-Channel Flow.Current edition approved Jan.1,2014.Published March 2014.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5674 95(2008).DOI:10.1520/D5674-95R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Measurement of Liquid Flow in Open Channels,ISO Standards Handbook 16,1983.Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 solids that may be dissolved in or mixed with the water;usuallycubic feet per second(f3/s)or metres per second(m/s).3.2.4 elevationthe vertical distance from a datum to apoint;also termed stage or gage height.3.2.5 gagea generic term that includes water level mea-suring devices.3.2.6 gage datuma datum whose surface is at the zeroelevation of all of the gages at a gaging station.This datum isoften at a known elevation referenced to the national geodeticvertical datum(NGVD)of 1929.3.2.7gage