ASTM_D_6811_-_02.pdf

Designation:D 6811 02Designation:482/02An American National StandardStandard Test Method forMeasurement of Thermal Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuelsunder Turbulent Flow Conditions(HiReTS Method)1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6811;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a laboratory thermal process,3using a specified apparatus for measuring the tendencies ofaviation turbine fuels to deposit insoluble materials and de-composition products,such as lacquers,within a fuel system.This test method provides a quantitative result for fuel underturbulent flow conditions in 65 or 125 min.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products4D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Products4D 4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace Contamination4E 128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Per-meability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use53.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 capillary tube,na coated resistively heated stainlesssteel tube through which fuel is pumped and controlled to givea predefined constant fuel exit temperature.3.1.2 deposits,noxidative products,such as lacquers,laiddown predominantly at the fuel exit end(hottest),on the insideof the heated capillary tube.3.1.3 HiReTS,nhigh Reynolds number thermal stability.3.1.4 HiReTS Peak(P)number and Total(T)number,nthe quantitative results of the test.3.1.5 tubeways,nplastic and metal tubes through whichfuel flows during cleaning and the test.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Fuel is pumped,at pressure,through an electricallyheated capillary tube at a constant rate.The heating of thecapillary tube is controlled to maintain a constant fuel tem-perature of 290 6 3C at the exit of the capillary tube.A flowrate of greater than 20 mL/min and the specified capillary boreof less than 0.300 mm ensures that turbulent flow is maintained(see Appendix X1)within the capillary.The formation oflacquers and fuel degradation products act as a thermalinsulator between the cooler fuel and hotter capillary tube,resulting in an increase in temperature of the capillary tubewhich is measured at a number of positions by a contactlesspyrometer.The HiReTS Total(T)number is displayed duringand at the end of the test.The HiReTS Peak(P)number can bedetermined from analysis of the results.5.Significance and Use5.1 The thermal stresses experienced by aviation fuel inmodern jet engines may lead to the formation of undesirableand possibly harmful insoluble materials,such as lacquers,onheat exchangers and control surfaces,that reduce efficiencyand require extra maintenance.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.14on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.Current edition approved June 10,2002.Published September 2002.2This test method is being jointly developed with the Institute of Petroleum,where it is designated IP 482.3This process is covered by a patent.Interested parties are invited to submitinformation regarding the identification of an alternative(s)to this patented item tothe ASTM Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,which you may attend.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.02.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.04.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.5.2 Aircraft fuel systems operate mainly under turbulentflow conditions.Most large-scale realistic test rigs operate inthe turbulent flow regime but fuel volumes are very large andtest times are very long.5.3 This test method tests fuel under turbulent flow(highReynolds number)conditions,and it gives a quantitative resultunder standard operating conditions of 65 or 125 min.Con-tinuous analysis of results during the test allows performanceof the fuel to be monitored in real time thus enabling the testtime to be reduced manually or automatically,if required.5.4 The results of this test method are not expected tocorrelate with existing test methods for all fuels,since the testmethods and operating conditions are different(see AppendixX2).6.Apparatus(see Annex A1)6.1 Gener