ASTM_D_6049_-_03_2013.pdf

Designation:D604903(Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forRubber PropertyMeasurement of the Viscous and ElasticBehavior of Unvulcanized Raw Rubbers and RubberCompounds by Compression Between Parallel Plates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6049;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method is an adaptation of the GermanStandard DIN 53514,a further development of the former“Defo Test”(see Appendix X1).1.2 This test method is capable of measuring and character-izing the rheological behavior(viscosity and elasticity)ofunvulcanized raw rubbers and rubber compounds,relating tothe macro structure of rubber polymers(average molecularweight,molecular weight distribution,long chain branching,and micro-and macro-gel).1.3 The viscosity and elasticity of unvulcanized rubbers andrubber compounds are determined by subjecting cylindricaltest pieces to a compression/recovery cycle.The dependencyon shear rate at constant shear stress is evaluated and thematerial fatigue behavior is determined in repeat cycle testing.1.4 The non-Newtonian viscous and elastic behavior ofrubbers and rubber compounds can also be evaluated.1.5 Statistical evaluation of the test data provides an indi-cation of data variation,which may be employed as an estimateof the homogeneity of the material tested.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values in parentheses are for information only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D297 Test Methods for Rubber ProductsChemical Analy-sisD926 Test Method for Rubber PropertyPlasticity andRecovery(Parallel Plate Method)D4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test MethodStandards in the Rubber and Carbon Black ManufacturingIndustriesD6048 Practice for Stress Relaxation Testing of RawRubber,Unvulcanized Rubber Compounds,and Thermo-plastic Elastomers2.2 DIN Standards:3DIN 53514 Testing of RubberDetermination of Viscosityand Elasticity Related Numbers of Raw Rubber andRubber Mixes in a Compression Test between ParallelPlatesDIN 53523,Part 1 Testing of Rubber and ElastomersTesting with the Mooney Shearing Disk Viscometer;Preparation of Test Pieces2.3 ISO Standards:4ISO 5725 Precision of Test MethodsDetermination ofRepeatability and Reproducibility for a Standard TestMethod by Interlaboratory TestsISO 7323 RubberRaw and Unvulcanized CompoundedDetermination of Plasticity Number and Recovery Num-ber;Parallel Plate Method3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe following terms appear in logical or-der for the sake of clarity.3.1.1 Multiple Compression Force Testrefer to Section 10for more details.3.1.1.1 viscosity number,V10(Ns)the product of the forceF in N required to compress a test piece the final 0.5 mm(0.02in.)in a 6.0 mm(0.24 in.)total compression cycle(from 13.0to 7.0 mm(0.51 to 0.28 in.)and the compression time dt1equaling 10 s.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D11 on Rubber and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.12 on Processability Tests.Current edition approved Nov.1,2013.Published January 2014.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6049 03(2008).DOI:10.1520/D6049-03R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Deutsches Institut fr Normung,Burggrafenstr 6,D10787Berlin 30,Germany.4Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.1.2 total compression time,tTthe time in s required tocompress a test piece the full 6.0 mm(0.24 in.),that is,from13.0 to 7.0 mm(0.51 to 0.28 in.).3.1.1.3 elasticity number,DE30the elastic recovery ex-pressed in units of 0.1 mm(0.004 in.)calculated from theheight h2of the test piece after compression from 13.0 to 7.0mm(0.51 in.to 0.28 in.)within 30 s followed by a recoveryperiod of 30 s.3.1.1.4 non-Newtonian viscosity exponent,n1the slope ofthe line in a double log plot of the viscosity versus the shearrate;n1is dimensionless and always negative.3.1.1.5 elasticity coeffcient,mthe slope of the line in aplot of the elasticity number DE(see 3.1.2.3)versus the log ofthe shear rate;the dimension of m is mm(in units of 0.1 mmper decade).3.1.1.6 test data v