ASTM_D_6199_-_07_2012.pdf

Designation:D619907(Reapproved 2012)Standard Practice forQuality of Wood Members of Containers and Pallets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6199;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the quality requirements for threeclasses of hardwood and soft-wood members,excluding man-made or fabricated wood composites,used in the constructionof boxes,crates,pallets,and blocking and bracing.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.The SI units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This practice does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of the regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-uctsD996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-ment of Wood and Wood-Base Materials2.2 MHIA/ANSI Standard:3MHIA/ANSI MH12005 Pallets,Slip Sheets,and OtherBases for Unit Loads3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral definitions for packaging and dis-tribution environments are found in Terminology D996.Gen-eral definitions for wood are found in Terminology D9.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 brash,ndecay characteristic,which is the breakingof the grain without splintering.3.2.2 crate frame members,nthose parts which form thefundamental structure upon which the strength and rigidity ofcrates depend.3.2.3 diagonals,nframe members placed at angles ofnearly 45 to other frame members,to ensure the rigidity of thecrate.3.2.4 linderman joint,nglued dove-tailed joint betweentwo or more pieces of wood.3.2.5 longitudinal frame members,nhorizontal membersof the side,end,and top panels of crates.3.2.6 punk,ndecay characteristic,which is very dry,powdery,and crumbly wood.3.2.7 siftproofness,nthe prohibition of the migration ofmaterial,of any size,from the interior to the exterior of acontainer.3.2.8 struts,nvertical frame members placed between theupper and lower frame members of the side and end panels ofa crate that serve as columns for supporting vertical stackingloads.4.Significance and Use4.1 Each wood member contains a combination of charac-teristics which affects the performance of the container orpallet in which it is used.The requirements for classes,hereinspecified,have been established as these characteristics arerelated to the functional application of members in containerand pallet construction and to the service that the container orpallet may be called upon to perform.4.2 Any other specified requirements or limitations peculiarto a particular container or pallet construction or use,such asprohibiting knotholes or loose knots to provide siftproofness,limitation to certain wood groups or species,or the selection ofapplicable classes for specific members of or types of contain-ers or pallet shall be the responsibility of the standard for thatcontainer or pallet.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packagingand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.12 on Shipping Containers,Crates,Pallets,Skids and Related Structures.Current edition approved April 1,2012.Published May 2012.Originallyapproved in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6199 97(2007).DOI:10.1520/D6199-07R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Material Handling Industry MH1 Secretariat,8720 Red OakBlvd.,Suite 201,Charlotte,NC 28217,http:/www.mhiastore.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Wood Member Classification5.1 Class 1Structural(highly stressed members).5.2 Class 2Structural(moderately stressed members).5.3 Class 3Non-structural(lightly stressed members).6.Wood Characteristics6.1 Classification:6.1.1 GroupsFor the purposes of this practice,NorthAmerican wood species are broken into four groupings.Thesegroupings are general in nature(Table 1)and do not include allspecies of wood.Woods used specifically in pallet constructionare listed in MHIA/ANSI MH12005 Appendix A31 accord-ing to similarities in mechanical properties,regionalavailability,and commercial uses in pallets.Table X1.1 pro-vides a cross reference between the wood groups used hereinand those liste