ASTM_D_6086_-_09a.pdf

Designation:D608609 Designation:D 6086 09aStandard Test Method forCarbon BlackVoid Volume(VV)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6086;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure to measure a carbon black structure property known as Void Volume.Compressed voidvolumes are obtained by measuring the compressed volume of a weighed sample as a function of applied pressure in a cylindricalchamber by a movable piston with a displacement transducer on the piston mechanism.A profile of void volume as a function ofapplied pressure provides a means to assess carbon black structure at varying levels of density and aggregate reduction.1.2 Void volume is an important carbon black structure property that relates to the compounded physical properties for carbonblack-filled elastomers including viscosity,modulus,and die swell.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 1799 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Packaged ShipmentsD 1900 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Bulk ShipmentsD 2414 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number(OAN)D 3493 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample(COAN)D 4821 Guide for Carbon BlackValidation of Test Method Precision and Bias3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This StandardRefer to Sections 4 and 9 for a more complete understanding of the use ofthese terms in this test method.3.1.1 compressed volume(carbon black),n the measured apparent volume that a specified mass of carbon black occupieswhen it is contained in a specified cylindrical chamber and subjected to a specified applied pressure by means of a movable piston.3.1.2 theoretical volume(carbon black),n the volume that a specific mass of carbon black would occupy if there were novoid space within the carbon black,and is given by the ratio of mass to skeletal density,where the skeletal density is determinedby an accepted test method.3.1.3 void volume(carbon black),na measure of the occluded pore volume within the primary structure of carbon black,characterized by the irregularity and non-sphericity of carbon black aggregate particles,and expressed as the difference(compressed volume minus theoretical volume)as a function of applied pressure,and normalized to 100 g mass.3.1.3.1 DiscussionCarbon blacks resist packing,compression,and fracture due to aggregate irregularities and entanglements,size distribution,and aggregate strength or particle-to-particle necks within aggregate branches.Carbon black compressed voidvolume is also affected by reacting forces to the cylinder wall and the piston tip,which in turn depend on factors including sampleshape(that is,the ratio of sample height to cylinder diameter)or interfacial area,which can influence the uniformity of thecompaction density.Since the compressed void volumes are specific to the cylinder geometry and possibly to the cylinder wallsurface(that is,friction effects),a measured compressed volume is not a true compressed volume unless these factors are correctedor sufficiently minimized.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The measured compressed volume(apparent volume)of a weighed dry test sample as a function of applied pressure is1This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D24 on Carbon Black and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.11 on Carbon Black Structure.Current edition approved June 15,July 1,2009.Published July 2009.Originally approved in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 20082009 as D 6086 089.2For referencedASTM standards,visit theASTM website,www.astm.org,or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version.Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately,ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate.In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.Copyrighted material licensed to BR Demo by Thom