ASTM_D_5_-_D_5M_-_13.pdf

Designation:D5/D5M13Standard Test Method forPenetration of Bituminous Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5/D5M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers determination of the penetrationof semi-solid and solid bituminous materials.1.2 The needles,containers and other conditions describedin this test method provide for the determinations of penetra-tions up to 500.NOTE1For guidance in preparing and testing emulsion residuespecimens for this test method,please refer to Section 35 of Test MethodD244.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen(Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified AsphaltsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-mometersE1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resis-tance ThermometersE2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids2.2 ANSI Standard:B46.1 Surface Texture32.3 ISO Standard:ISO Standard 468 Surface RoughnessParameters,TheirValues and General Rules for Specifying Requirements33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 penetration,nconsistency of a bituminous materialexpressed as the distance in tenths of a millimetre that astandard needle vertically penetrates a sample of the materialunder known conditions of loading,time,and temperature.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is melted(if starting at ambient tempera-ture)and cooled under controlled conditions.The penetrationis measured with a penetrometer by means of which a standardneedle is applied to the sample under specific conditions.5.Significance and Use5.1The penetration test is used as a measure of consis-tency.Higher values of penetration indicate softer consistency.6.Apparatus6.1 Penetration ApparatusAny apparatus that permits theneedle holder(spindle)to move vertically without measurablefriction and is capable of indicating the depth of penetration tothe nearest 0.1 mm,will be acceptable.The weight of thespindle shall be 47.5 6 0.05 g.The total weight of the needleand spindle assembly shall be 50.0 6 0.05 g.Weights of 50 60.05 g and 100 6 0.05 g shall also be provided for total loadsof 100 and 200 g,as required for some conditions of the test.The surface on which the sample container rests shall be flatand the axis of the plunger shall be at approximately 90 to thissurface.The apparatus shall have a leveling indicator.Thespindle shall be easily detached for checking its weight.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 onRheological Tests.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published February 2013.Originallyapproved in 1959.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5 06e01.DOI:10.1520/D0005-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.1.1 The leveling indicator shall be verified at least annu-ally with a hand-held level.6.2 Penetration Needle:6.2.1 The needle(see Fig.1)shall be made from fullyhardened and tempered stainless steel,Grade 440-C or equal,HRC 54 to 60.The standard needle shall be approximately 50mm 2 in.in length,the long needle approximately 60 mm2.4 in.The diameter of all needles shall be 1.00 to 1.02 mm0.0394 to 0.0402 in.It shall be symmetrically tapered at oneend by grinding to a cone having an angle between 8.7 and 9.7over the entire cone length.The cone should be coaxial withthe straight body of the needle.The total axial variation of theintersection between the conical and straight surfaces shall notbe in excess of 0.2