ASTM_D_774_-_D_774M_-_97_2007.pdf

Designation:D774/D774M 97(Reapproved 2007)An American National StandardStandard Test Method forBursting Strength of Paper1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D774/D774M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers measurements of the burstingstrength of paper and paper products occurring as single orlaminated flat sheets not over 0.6 mm 0.025 in.in thicknesshaving a bursting strength of 30 kPa up to 1400 kPa 4 psi upto 200 psi.1.2 This test method is not intended for use in testingcorrugated boxboard,liner board,or hardboards that tend to cutthe thin rubber diaphragm.NOTE1Similar procedures for making bursting strength measure-ments are found in ISO 2758 and TAPPI 403.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or in other units shallbe regarded separately as standard.The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each systemmust be used independently of the other,without combiningvalues in any way.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D585 Practice for Sampling and Accepting a Single Lot ofPaper,Paperboard,Fiberboard,and Related ProductD646 Test Method for Grammage of Paper and Paperboard(Mass Per Unit Area)D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Productsfor TestingD1968 Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper Products2.2ISO Standard:ISO 2758 PaperDetermination of Bursting Strength32.3TAPPI Standard:TAPPI T 403 Bursting Strength of Paper43.Terminology3.1 Definitions shall be in accordance with TerminologyD1968 and the Dictionary of Paper.44.Significance and Use4.1 Bursting strength is widely used as a measure of theresistance to rupture in many kinds of paper.The test isrelatively easy and inexpensive to make and appears tosimulate some use requirements.5.Apparatus5.1 Bursting Tester,having the following features andauxiliary equipment:5.1.1 Clamp,for firmly and uniformly securing the testspecimen without slippage during the test(recommendedclamping load 2700 N 600 lb)between two annular,plane,parallel,and preferably stainless steel surfaces.5.1.1.1 The upper clamping surface(the clamping ring)hasa circular opening 30.50 6 0.05 mm 1.200 6 0.002 in.indiameter.The surface which is in contact with the paper duringtesting has a continuous,spiral,60 V-groove,at least 0.25 mm0.010 in.deep and of 0.8 mm 132in.pitch,the groovestarting at 3.2 mm 18in.from the edge of the opening.Thecircular edge of the opening that is in contact with the paperduring testing is relieved of sharpness with a very fine abrasivecloth(such as crocus cloth)but not rounded off enough to alterthe diameter of the opening.5.1.1.2 The lower clamping surface(the diaphragm plate)has an opening 33.1 6 0.1 mm 1.302 6 0.003 in.in diameter.Its surface has a series of concentric 60 V-grooves 0.30 mm0.012 in.deep,0.8 mm 132in.apart,the center of the firstgroove being 3.2 mm 18in.from the edge of the opening.Thethickness of the plate at the opening is 0.66 mm 0.026 in.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D06 on Paperand Paper Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D06.92 onStandard Documents Relating to Paper and Paper Products.Current edition approved Dec.1,2007.Published December 2007.Originallyapproved in 1944.Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D774/D774M 97(2002).DOI:10.1520/D0774_D0774M-97R07.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry(TAPPI),15 Technology Parkway South,Norcross,GA 30092,http:/www.tappi.org.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.NOTICE:This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.Contact ASTM International(www.astm.org)for the latest information.The lower edge which is in contact with the rubber diaphragmis rounded to an arc of 6.4 mm 0.25 in.radius to preventcutting of the diaphragm when pressure is applied.5.1.1.3 The clamping ring is connected to a clampingmechanism through a swivel-type joint or other means toensur