ASTM_D_6062_-_19.pdf

Designation:D606219Standard Guide forPersonal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6062;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide defines conventions for personal samplers ofspecific particle-size-dependent fractions of any given non-fibrous airborne aerosol.Such samplers are used for assessinghealth effects and in the setting of and testing for compliancewith permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambientenvironment.The conventions have been adopted by theInternational Standards Organization(ISO 7708),the ComitEuropen de Normalisation(CEN EN 481),and the AmericanConference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists(ACGIH)(1).2The conventions were developed(2)in part from health-effects studies reviewed(3)by the ACGIH and in part as acompromise between definitions proposed by the ACGIH(3)and by the British Medical Research Council(BMRC)(4).Conventions are given here for inhalable,thoracic,and respi-rable fractions.1.2 This guide is complementary to Test Method D4532,which describes the performance of respirable dust cyclonesand operational procedures for use.The procedures,specifi-cally the optimal flow rate,are still valid although the esti-mated accuracy differs somewhat from use with previousaerosol fraction definitions.Details on these instruments havebeen published(5-11).1.3 Limitations:1.3.1 The definitions given here were adopted by the agen-cies listed in 1.1 in part on the basis of expected health effectsof the different size fractions,but in part allowing for availablesampling equipment.The original adoption by CEN was,infact,for the eventual setting of common standards by the ECcountries while permitting the use of a variety of instrumenta-tion.Deviations of the sampling conventions from health-related effects are as follows:1.3.1.1 The inhalable fraction actually depends on the spe-cific air speed and direction,on the breathing rate,and onwhether breathing is by nose or mouth.The values given in theinhalable convention are for representative values of breathingrate and represent averages over all wind directions.1.3.1.2 The respirable and thoracic fractions vary fromindividual to individual and with the breathing pattern.Theconventions are approximations to the average case.1.3.1.3 Each convention applies strictly to a fraction pen-etrating to a region,rather than depositing.Therefore,samplescollected according to the conventions may only approximatecorrelations with biological effects.For example,the respirableconvention overestimates the fraction of very small particlesdeposited in the alveolar region of the respiratory systembecause some of the particles are actually exhaled withoutbeing deposited(12).In many workplaces,these very smallparticles contribute insignificantly to the sampled mass.Furthermore,the large variability between individuals and thedetails of clearance may be as important as this type of effect.1.3.1.4 The thoracic convention applies to mouth breathing,for which aerosol collection is greater than during nosebreathing.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheres1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air Quality.Current edition approved April 1,2019.Published June 2019.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6062 07(2012).DOI:10.1520/D6062-19.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthis standard.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance