ASTM_D_6111_-_13a.pdf

Designation:D611113aStandard Test Method forBulk Density And Specific Gravity of Plastic Lumber andShapes by Displacement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6111;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bulkdensity and specific gravity of plastic lumber and shapes intheir“as manufactured”form.As such,this is a test method forevaluating the properties of plastic lumber or shapes as aproduct and not a material property test method.1.2 This test method is suitable for determining the bulkspecific gravity or bulk density by immersion of the entire itemor a representative cross section in water.This test methodinvolves the weighing of a one piece specimen in water,usinga sinker with plastics that are lighter than water.This testmethod is suitable for products that are wet by,but otherwisenot affected by water for the duration of the test.1.3 Plastic lumber and plastic shapes are currently madepredominately from recycled plastics.However,this testmethod would also be applicable to similar manufacturedplastic products made from virgin resins where the product isnon-homogeneous in the cross-section.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1622 Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics(Withdrawn 1998)3D5033 Guide for Development ofASTM Standards Relatingto Recycling and Use of Recycled Plastics(Withdrawn2007)3D6108 Test Method for Compressive Properties of PlasticLumber and ShapesE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE12 Terminology Relating to Density and Specific Gravityof Solids,Liquids,and Gases(Withdrawn 1996)3E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 density,bulkthe weight per unit volume of a materialincluding voids inherent in material as tested.(TerminologyD883)3.1.1.1 DiscussionSpecific gravity at 23/23C can beconverted to density 23C,g/cm3,as follows:D23C,g/cm35 sp gr 23/23C 30.9976(1)3.1.2 plastic lumber,na manufactured product made pri-marily from plastic materials(filled or unfilled),typically usedas a building material for purposes similar to those of tradi-tional lumber,which is usually rectangular in cross-section.(Terminology D883)3.1.2.1 DiscussionPlastic lumber is typically supplied insizes similar to those of traditional lumber board,timber anddimension lumber;however the tolerances for plastic lumberand for traditional lumber are not necessarily the same.(Terminology D883)3.1.3 plastic shape,na manufactured product composedof more than 50 weight percent resin,and in which the productgenerally is not rectangular in cross-section,may be filled orunfilled,and may be composed of single or multiple resinblends.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.20 on Plastic Lumber(SectionD20.20.01).Current edition approved Sept.1,2013.Published September 2013.Originallyapproved in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D6111-13.DOI:10.1520/D6111-13A.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.4 resin,na solid or pseudosolid organic material oftenof high molecular weight,which exhibits a tendency to flowwhen subjected to stress,usually has a softening or meltingrange,and usually fractures conchoidally.(Terminology D883)3.1.4.1 DiscussionIn a broad sense,the term is used todesignate any polymer that is a basic material for plastics.3.1.5 specific gravity,bulk(of solids)the ratio of theweight in air of a unit volume of a permeable material(including both permeable and impermeable voids normal tothe material)at a stated temperature to the weight in air ofequal density of an equal volume of gas-free distille