ASTM_D_6102_-_15.pdf

Designation:D610215Standard Guide forInstallation of Geosynthetic Clay Liners1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6102;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers directions for the installation ofgeosynthetic clay liners(GCLs)under field conditions typi-cally present in environmental lining applications.1.2 This guide contains general installation guidelines.It isnot intended to replace project-specific installation require-ments as found in the contract drawings or specifications.Inthe event of a conflict,the requirement of the project specifi-cations will supersede the requirements of this guide.1.3 This guide does not purport to establish specific proce-dure for all climatic,geographical,hydraulic,or topographicalconditions that may exist at a site.Appropriate installationprocedures under atypical field conditions should be modifiedas necessary to maintain the integrity of the GCL and adjacentlining system components.1.4 Different GCLs have different materials of constructionwith different physical properties.The procedures contained inthis guide,therefore,may not be universally applicable to allGCLs under all field conditions.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD5888 Guide for Storage and Handling of GeosyntheticClay Liners2.2 GRI Document:3GRI-GCL-5 Standard Guide for Design Considerations forGeosynthetic Clay Liners(GCLs)in Various Applications3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:For definitions of other geosynthetic termsused in this guide,refer to Terminology D4439.For definitionsof soils terms,refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 fresh water,nwater with a salinity less than 0.5 partsper thousand.3.2.2 geosynthetic clay liner(GCL),na manufacturedhydraulic barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layersof geosynthetics.4.Significance and Use4.1 For optimum performance,GCLs must be installed in amanner that does not impact their physical,mechanical,orhydraulic properties.4.2 This guide identifies the proper installation proceduresand equipment for use by GCL designers,inspectors,andinstallers.5.Procedure5.1 The methods and equipment used for placement of theGCL can vary,but the primary objective of the process is tominimize the potential for GCL damage.The placementmethods and equipment should be evaluated appropriatelywithin this context.5.2 Subgrade Preparation:5.2.1 For projects where the GCL is to be placed over anearthen subgrade,the subgrade surface must be prepared andapproved prior to installation in accordance either with projectspecifications or with this guide.The surface should be firmand unyielding,with no abrupt elevation changes,voids andcracks,ice,or standing water.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosyntheticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic ClayLiners.Current edition approved May 1,2015.Published July 2015.Originally approvedin 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D610212.DOI:10.1520/D6102-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Geosynthetic Institute,475 Kedron Avenue,Folsom,PA19033-1208,http:/www.geosynthetic-institute.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.2.2 The subgrade surface should be smooth and free ofvegetation,sharp-edged rocks,stones,sticks,constructiondebris,and other foreign matter that could contact the GCL.The subgrade surface shall be compacted in accordance withthe project specifications.At a minimum,the subgrade shouldbe rolled with a smooth-drum compactor of sufficient weight toremove any excessive wheel ruts,footprints,or other abruptgrade changes.Excessive rutting should be clearly defined andquantified.In some cases 25 mm is the maximum rut depthallowed.Furthermore,all protrusions extending more than 12mm from the subgrade surface shall either be removed,crushed,or pushed into the surface with a smooth-drumcompactor.5.3 GCL Placement:5.3.1 All handling of the GCL at the