ASTM_D_5978_-_96_2011e1.pdf

Designation:D597896(Reapproved 2011)1Standard Guide forMaintenance and Rehabilitation of Groundwater MonitoringWells1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5978;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial changes were made throughout in December 2011.INTRODUCTIONThis guide for maintenance and rehabilitation promotes procedures appropriate to groundwatermonitoring wells installed to evaluate the extent and nature of contamination,progress of remediation,and for long-term monitoring of either water quality or water level.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers an approach to selecting and imple-menting a well maintenance and rehabilitation program forgroundwater monitoring wells.It provides information onsymptoms of problems or deficiencies that indicate the need formaintenance and rehabilitation.It is limited to monitoringwells,that are designed and operated to provide access to,representative water samples from,and information about thehydraulic properties of the saturated subsurface while minimiz-ing impact on the monitored zone.Some methods describedherein may apply to other types of wells although the range ofmaintenance and rehabilitation treatment methods suitable formonitoring wells is more restricted than for other types ofwells.Monitoring wells include their associated pumps andsurface equipment.1.2 This guide is affected by governmental regulations andby site specific geological,hydrogeological,geochemical,climatological,and biological conditions.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This guide offers an organized collection of informationor a series of options and does not recommend a specificcourse of action.This document cannot replace education orexperience and should be used in conjunction with professionaljudgment.Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in allcircumstances.This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy ofa given professional service must be judged,nor should thisdocument be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects.The word“Standard”in the title of thisdocument means only that the document has been approvedthrough the ASTM consensus process.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D652 Method of Test for Measuring Mica Stampings Usedin Electronic Devices and Incandescent Lamps(With-drawn 1956)3D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1889 Test Method for Turbidity of Water(Withdrawn2007)3D4044 Test Method for(Field Procedure)for InstantaneousChange in Head(Slug)Tests for Determining HydraulicProperties of AquifersD4412 Test Methods for Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Waterand Water-Formed DepositsD4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring WellsD4750 Test Method for Determining Subsurface LiquidLevels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well(ObservationWell)(Withdrawn 2010)3D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Waste Sites1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rockand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater andVadose Zone Investigations.Current edition approved Dec.1,2011.Published December 2012.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5978 96(2005).DOI:10.1520/D5978-96R11E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 D5092 Practice for Design and Installation of Ground WaterMonitoring WellsD5254 Practice for Minimum Set of Data Elements toIdentify a Ground-Water SiteD5299 Guide for Decommissioning of Groundwater Wells,Vadose Zone Monitoring Devices,Boreholes,and OtherDevices for Environmental ActivitiesD5408 Guide for Set of Data Elements to Describe aGroundwater Site;Part OneAdditional IdentificationDescriptorsD5409 Guide for Set of Data Elements to Describe aGround-Water Site;Part TwoPhysical DescriptorsD5410 Guide for Set of Data Elements to Describe aGround-Water Site;Part ThreeUsage DescriptorsD5472 Test Method for Determining Specific Capacity andEstimating Transmissivity at the Control WellD5474 Guide for Selection of Data Elements for Groundwa-ter InvestigationsD5521 Guide for De