山西专版2023学年中考英语复习方案还原短文02成长引导+科学技术试题.docx

还原短文(二)成长引导+科学技术 　请阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 A If a friend gives us a hand when we are in need, it's a good idea to write him a thank-you note.1.　　　  “People don't seem to walk around giving thanks to people quite often,” Amit Kumar from University of Texas said. 2.　　　　 And how do people feel when they receive one?  Kumar and his team asked some students to write a thank-you note to another person by email. Then, they asked both the writer and the receiver how sending or receiving these notes made them feel. They found that the students didn't like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them. 3.　　　  The receiver, however, enjoyed the notes.“When you are a receiver, you focus on the warmth of the note,” Kumar says.“How heartfelt was it? How friendly and warm?” The writers also thought the receiver might be shy for receiving a thank-you note. 4.　　　　 “The receiver feels quite happy,” Kumar says. “They don't really feel shy at all.”  Writing a thank-you note does have such a big influence on others. 5.　　　　 Simple and small changes in our everyday lives can make a big difference to the way we treat other people and how we feel.  A.If people knew this, they would do it more often. B.Thank-you notes can show our great love. C.Why are people shy about sending thank-you notes? D.They worried about what to say and how to say it. E.But this was not true. F.However, how many of us actually sit down to do this? B　[2023·原创] Big data(数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. 1. 　　　　 Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies, and governments. One set of data can have people's names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer.  2.　　　　 The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. 3.　　　　 The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.  Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. 4.　　　　 It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong.  How can big data be used for good and bad things? It is because the computer programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. 5.　　　　 These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people.  A.Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. B.Big data can be used in many ways. C.Big data can also be used for bad reasons. D.The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data. E.Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. F.Big data has everything that you need. 【2023学年参考答案】 A　1—5　FCDEA B　[主旨大意]本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了大数据的含义及其在各个行业中的具体应用。 1—5　DBACE 3