ASTM_D_7281_-_07_2021.pdf

Designation:D728107(Reapproved 2021)Standard Test Method forDetermining Water Migration Resistance Through RoofMembranes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7281;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of watermigration resistance of roof membranes including built-up roofmembranes,modified bitumen,and single-ply roof mem-branes.The procedures were developed to determine thepotential for leakage of water through the roof membranesresulting from a standing head of water and when pressurizedwith air from the underside.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2G154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet(UV)Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 adhereto cause two surfaces to be held together byadhesion.Roof membranes are often“partially”or“totallyadhered”to a substrate.3.1.2 battena narrow band or plate that is used to fasten orprevent the displacement of a single-ply membrane.3.1.3 delaminationseparation between lamination orbonded material or component;for example,laminated layersof rigid insulation or the felt plies in a built-up roof.3.1.4 field seama splice made in the field of a single-plymembrane that joins two sheets together using an adhesive,splicing tape,heat,or solvent-welding.3.1.5 mechanically fastened membranesa single ply orbase ply(part of a multi-layer system)membrane that has beenpositively attached at intervals to the substrate,usually withfasteners and/or other mechanical devices,such as battens.3.1.6 NPTNational Pipe Thread.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Roofing membranes are conditioned and installed in theleakage test apparatus(Fig.1).A152-mm(6-in.)head of wateris maintained over the sample for seven days at ambientconditions,21 C(70 F).At the end of the seven-day period,air shall be introduced into the bottom section of the apparatus,increasing the pressure to 6.9 kPa(1 psig)and immediatelyreleased to ambient conditions.This cycle is repeated 25 times.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides a means of evaluating roofmembranes,seams,and laps for resistance to water migrationfrom standing water on the roof.This test method evaluatesroof membranes when first applied and also after simulateddeterioration caused by the ultraviolet energy of the sun.6.Apparatus6.1 The test apparatus consists of top section,a supportplate,and a bottom section,which are clamped together withthe sample being evaluated placed as a diaphragm between thetop sections and the support plate.6.1.1 The top section consists of a 203-mm(8-in.)diameter,6-mm(14-in.)wall thickness by 203-mm(8-in.)length of clearacrylic pipe,which is cemented to a 305-mm(12-in.)diameterflange.6.1.2 The support plate is a round poly(vinyl chloride)plate,6-mm(14-in.)thick and a 241-mm(912-in.)diameter with6-mm(14-in.)diameter holes spaced 25 mm(1 in.)on center.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 onRoofing Membrane Systems.Current edition approved Nov.1,2021.Published November 2021.Originallyapproved in 2007.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7281 07(2013).DOI:10.1520/D7281-07R21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.16.1.3 The bottom section consists of a 305-mm(12-in.)diameter flange attached to a 203-mm(8-in.)di