ASTM_D_901_-_91_1997.pdf

Designation:D 901 91(Reapproved 1997)Standard Test Methods forAskarels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 901;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing askarelsthat are used in transformers and certain other electricalapparatus as an insulating and cooling medium.These methodsare generally suitable for specification acceptance,factorycontrol,reference testing,and research.The procedures appearin the following sections:Test MethodASTM Designation ofTest MethodChemical Tests:Neutralization NumberD 664,D974Water ContentD 1533Scavenger ContentD 1701Chlorine Compounds,HydrolyzableD 1820,D2441Chlorides,InorganicD 1821Thermal StabilityD 1936Electrical Tests:Dielectric Break-down VoltageD 877Dissipation Factor and Relative Per-mittivityD 924Specific ResistanceD 1169Physical Tests:ViscosityD 88,D455Fire PointD 92Pour PointD 97SamplingD 923Refractive IndexD 1218Visual ExaminationD 1702Specific GravityD 1810Coefficient of Thermal ExpansionD 1903ColorD 2129Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Envi-ronmental MaterialsD 3304Polychlorinated Biphenyls in MineralInsulating Oils by Gas Chroma-tographyD 4059For askarels having a Saybolt Universal viscosity of over110 s at 100F,modifications of certain test procedures arenecessary.1.2 As a precaution,insulating systems incorporatingaskarels and cellulose or other organic materials should bepurged to remove any traces of flammable gases by bubblingdry nitrogen through the askarel and flushing the gas spacewith dry nitrogen before any work is performed on theapparatus.1.3 Current governmental regulations prohibit the manufac-ture and sale of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs).Thismethod serves as a reference for all askarels,PCB andnon-PCB.NOTE1Various materials have been used successfully in taking,storing,and testing samples of askarels.Until experience has developed astrong preference,materials referred to in these methods will be under-stood to be approved but not specified.NOTE2Methods for handling and disposal of askarels and askarel-impregnated materials are given in a recent ANSI Committee C-107Guide,Guidelines for Handling and Disposal of Capacitor andTransformer-Grade Askarels Containing Polychlorinated Biphenyls.2NOTE3For specifications for askarels,see Specifications D 2233 andD 2283.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precau-tionary statements are given in 1.2.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 88 Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity3D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup4D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products4D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and the Calculation of DynamicViscosity)4D 664 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric Titration4D 877 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage ofInsulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes5D 923 Test Methods for Sampling Electrical InsulatingLiquids5D 924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor(or Power Factor)and Relative Permittivity(Dielectric Constant)of Electri-cal Insulating Liquids51These methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-27 onElectrical Insulating Liquids and Gasesand are the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D27.02on Synthetics.Current edition approved Aug.15,1991.Published November 1991.Originallypublished as D 901 46 T.Last previous edition D 901 86.2Available from theAmerican National Standards Institute,11 West 42nd Street,13th Floor,New York,NY 10036.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.04.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.01.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 10.03.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.NOTICE:This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.Contact ASTM International(www.astm.org)for the latest information.D 974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration4D 1169 Test Method for Specific Resistance(Resistivity)ofElectrical Insulating Liquids5D 1218 Test Method for Refractive Index and RefractiveDispersion of Hydrocarbon Liquids4D 1533 Test Method for Water in Insulating Liquids(KarlFischer Reaction Method)5D 1701 Test Methods for Scavenger Content of Askarels5D 1702 Method for Visual Examination of Used Chlori-nated Aromatic Hydrocarbons(Askarels)in the Field6D 1810 Test Method for Specific Gravity of Askarels5D 1820 Test Method for Hydrolyzable Chlorine Com-pounds i