ASTM_D_8414_-_D_8414M_-_21.pdf

Designation:D8414/D8414M21Standard Test Method forMeasurement of Jet Cup Attrition Index of CatalyticMaterials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8414/D8414M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 The jet cup attrition test is applicable to fluid catalyticcracking(FCC)catalysts,catalyst additives,and catalyticmaterials.1.2 Applications for other powdered catalysts have beenreported in the literature.The round robin test samples in-cluded two FCC catalysts and one powdered alumina.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.Thevalues stated in each system are not necessarily exact equiva-lents;therefore,to ensure conformance with the standard,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other,and valuesfrom the two systems shall not be combined.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 control factor,CF,nunitless value determined by therepetitive analysis of a standard material;it is equal to the(initial value of the control standard)/(current value of thecontrol standard)=CF.3.1.1.1 DiscussionRefer to 12.1 for details on the stan-dard.3.1.1.2 DiscussionThe values used in the calculations aremonthly averages.3.1.2 jet cup index,JCI,nunitless value equal to the“weight percent of 0-to 20-m 0-to 787-in.fines generatedper hour”under test conditions.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Of the sample to be tested,5 g 0.175 oz is placed intothe jet cup of the test apparatus where humidified air is passedthrough an orifice in the jet cup at high velocity.4.2 The air impinges on the catalyst and causes particles tocollide with each other and the walls of the jet cup.Theseparticle-to-particle and particle-to-wall interactions cause finesto form via attrition.In addition,weaker particles will fractureand form fines.4.3 The jet cup is attached to a fines disengagement cham-ber that allows particles less than 20 m 787-in.to pass intoa fines collection assembly.NOTE1The fines disengagement chamber is based on the AMINCO-Roller air elutriation particle size analyzer,historically used to measurethe 0-20 micron fraction in catalyst.4.4 The JCI is calculated from the mass of fines collectedand is numerically equivalent to the“weight percent of finesgenerated per hour”under test conditions.5.Significance and Use5.1 The jet cup attrition test will provide an estimate of therelative attrition resistance of fluid catalytic cracking(FCC)catalyst,catalyst additives,and catalytic materials.5.2 The test is designed to simulate the attrition a catalyst oradditive undergoes in a fluid catalytic cracking unit but at anaccelerated rate.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D32 onCatalysts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.02 on Physical-Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved Oct.1,2021.Published November 2021.DOI:10.1520/D8414_D8414M-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1?5.3 The data from this test can be used to rank catalystaccording to attrition rate.5.4 The test requires a relatively small sample size of 5 g0.175 oz and a relatively short analysis time of 40 min.Thistest should be useful to quality control facilities that requirefast turnaround time and research and development(R&D)facilities that have