ASTM_D_6699_-_01_2010.pdf

Designation:D669901(Reapproved 2010)Standard Practice forSampling Liquids Using Bailers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6699;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the procedure for sampling strati-fied or un-stratified waters and liquid waste using bailers.1.2 Three specific bailers are discussed in this practice.Thebailers are the single and double check valve and differentialpressure.1.3 This standard does not cover all of the bailing devicesavailable to the user.The bailers chosen for this practice aretypical of those commercially available.1.4 This practice should be used in conjunction with GuideD4687,Practice D5088,and Practice D5283.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring WellsD4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste SamplingD4750 Test Method for Determining Subsurface LiquidLevels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well(ObservationWell)(Withdrawn 2010)3D5088 Practice for Decontamination of Field EquipmentUsed at Waste SitesD5283 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-lated to Waste Management Activities:Quality Assuranceand Quality Control Planning and ImplementationD5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste ManagementD5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-lated to Waste Management Activities:Development ofData Quality ObjectivesD6051 Guide for Composite Sampling and Field Subsam-pling for Environmental Waste Management ActivitiesD6232 Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment forWaste and Contaminated Media Data CollectionActivitiesD6517 Guide for Field Preservation of GroundwaterSamplesD6564 Guide for Field Filtration of Groundwater SamplesD6634 Guide for Selection of Purging and Sampling De-vices for Groundwater Monitoring Wells2.2 EPA Standard:EPA SW 486 RCRA Samples3.Terminology3.1 See Terminology D5681.4.Summary of Practice4.1 A clean bailer is lowered into the liquid to be sampledusing a suspension line(see Fig.1).The bailer chamber isallowed to fill with the sample.The check valve or valves onbailers close when the bailer stops.The bailer is raised to thesurface where the sample is discharged into a clean sampleconfiner.5.Significance and Use5.1 A bailer is a device for obtaining a sample fromstratified or un-stratified waters and liquid wastes.The mostcommon use of a bailer is for sampling ground water fromsingle-screened wells(Fig.1)and well clusters(see GuideD4448).5.2 This practice is applicable to sampling water and liquidwastes.The sampling procedure will depend on sampling planand the data quality objectives(DQOs)(Practice D5792).5.3 Bailers may be used to purge ground water wells prior tosampling,but bailers are poor devices for removing largevolumes of water.5.4 Bailers may be used to sample waters and liquid wastesin underground and above ground tanks and surface impound-ments.However,the design of the unit and associated pipingshould be well understood so that the bailer can access thedesired compartment and depth.Any stratification of the liquidshould be identified prior to sampling.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.03 onSampling Equipment.Current edition approved Dec.1,2010.Published January 2011.Originallyapproved in 2001.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6699-01(2006).DOI:10.1520/D6699-01R10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 NOTE1Viscous liquids and suspended solids may interfere with abailers designed operation.5.5 Bailers do not subject the sample to pressure extremes.Bailing does disturb the water column and may cause changesto the parameters to be measured(for example,turbidity,gases,etc.).6.Sampling Equipment6.1 Bailers are versatile devices constructed in differentsizes and from a variety of materials.Some bailers aredesigned using a threaded section that allows the user tochange the volume of the bailer by connecting additionalsections.When sampling for volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in liquids,specialized bailers that have a sa