ASTM_E_2651_-_13.pdf

Designation:E265113Standard Guide forPowder Particle Size Analysis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2651;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers the use of many available techniquesfor particle size measurement and particle size distributionanalysis of solid particulate(powder)materials.It does notapply to analysis of liquid droplets or liquid aerosols.Theguide is intended to serve as a resource for powder/particletechnologists in characterizing their materials.1.2 This guide provides more detail regarding the particlesize analysis methods listed in Guide E1919,which is acompilation of worldwide published standards relating toparticle and spray characterization.Although Guide E1919 andthis guide are both extensive,neither is all inclusive.1.3 The principle of operation,range of applicability,spe-cific requirements(if any),and limitations of each of theincluded particle size analysis techniques are listed anddescribed,so that users of this guide may choose the mostuseful and most efficient technique for characterizing theparticle size distribution of their particular material(s).1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B215 Practices for Sampling Metal PowdersB330 Test Methods for Estimating Average Particle Size ofMetal Powders and Related Compounds Using Air Per-meabilityB821 Guide for Liquid Dispersion of Metal Powders andRelated Compounds for Particle Size AnalysisB859 Practice for De-Agglomeration of Refractory MetalPowders and Their Compounds Prior to Particle SizeAnalysisC322 Practice for Sampling Ceramic Whiteware ClaysE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE1617 Practice for Reporting Particle Size CharacterizationDataE1638 Terminology Relating to Sieves,Sieving Methods,and Screening MediaE1919 Guide for Worldwide Published Standards Relating toParticle and Spray Characterization(Withdrawn 2014)3E2589 Terminology Relating to Nonsieving Methods ofPowder Characterization3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide,refer toTerminologies E1638 and E2589.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 powder,na collection of solid particles that areusually less than 1000 m(1 mm)in size.4.Significance and Use4.1 The myriad array of particle size analysis techniquesavailable to the modern-day powder technologist is bothdaunting and confusing.Many of the techniques are applicableonly to certain types of materials,and all have limited rangesof applicability with respect to powder particle size.This guideis an attempt to describe and define the applicability of each ofthe available techniques,so that powder technologists,andothers interested in powders,may make informed and appro-priate choices in characterizing their materials.4.2 This guide is intended to be used to determine the bestand most efficient way of characterizing the particle sizedistribution of a particular powder material.It may also be usedto determine whether a reported powder particle size,or sizedistribution,was obtained in an appropriate and meaningfulway.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E29 on Particle andSpray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.02 onNon-Sieving Methods.Current edition approved Nov.1,2013.Published November 2013.Originallyapproved in 2008.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2651 10.DOI:10.1520/E2651-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.3 Most particle size analysis techniques report particlesize in terms of an“equivalent spherical diameter:”thediameter of an ideal spherical particle of the material of interestthat would be detected in the same manner during analysis asthe(usually irregular-shaped)actual particle under the sameconditions.The different techniques must necessarily usedifferent definitions of the equivalent spherical diameter,basedon their different operating principles.However,when analyz-ing el