ASTM_D_8314_-_20.pdf

Designation:D831420Standard Guide forPerformance Testing of Applied Stretch Films and StretchWrapping1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8314;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers testing of mechanical properties ofstretch wrapping films as they have been applied by a stretchwrapper to a unit load or test structure.This guide may beapplied to hand-wrapping or to machine-wrapping applica-tions.These tests may be applied to real-world or“field”testing or may be applied to theoretical or“laboratory”testing.This testing does not cover the testing of mechanical propertiesindependent of application by stretch wrapper.1.2 No statement is made about either precision or bias ofany of these test methods since results merely state whetherthis is in conformation to the criteria for success specified bythe user of the test method.1.2.1 The user is encouraged to establish the precision andbias for their own application.1.3 The units used in this standard are SI units(metric)withtheir English equivalents included following them in parenthe-ses.1.4 These tests are not intended to be applied to agriculturalstretch wrapping films and its application.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD4649 Guide for Use of Stretch Films and WrappingApplicationE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE1488 Guide for Statistical Procedures to Use in Developingand Applying Test MethodsE2586 Practice for Calculating and Using Basic Statistics3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology found in Terminology D996shall apply.4.Summary of Practice4.1 The purpose of stretch wrapping is to unitize a group ofproducts in order to make handling and transport more effi-cient.4.2 There are many comparisons that a user of stretch filmor a packaging engineer may want to calculate when compar-ing an original film to an alternative.They include:4.2.1 Percent stretch of applied film,4.2.2 Number of revolutions in a wrap pattern,4.2.3 Time required to wrap a load,4.2.4 Film thickness,4.2.5 Film weight applied to load,4.2.6 Containment force on load,4.2.7 Compression force on load,4.2.8 Film stiffness applied to load,1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D10 on Packaging andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing and Unitizing ofLoads.Current edition approved Oct.1,2020.Published December 2020.DOI:10.1520/D8314-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.14.2.9 Observed tear resistance on load,4.2.10 Cling applied to load,and4.2.11 Film cost of applied film to load.5.Significance and Use5.1 This guide is for testing the performance applied stretchwrapping film and stretch wrapping equipment during and afterthe film has been applied to a unit load or structure.These testsare not written with the intention for them to be applied toagricultural stretch wrapping films and its application.6.Statistical Significance and Redundancy6.1 This guide does not make any statements as to thestatistical significance and redundancy of the tests containedwithin it except in those statements contained within theindividual tests.6.2 Reference standards regarding statistics and redun-dancy:6.2.1 Practice E177.6.2.2 Terminology E456.6.2.3 Guide E1488.6.2.4 Practice E2586.7.Hazards7.1 Physical ExertionW