ASTM_D_7974_-_15.pdf

Designation:D797415Standard Test Method forDetermination of Farnesane,Saturated Hydrocarbons,andHexahydrofarnesol Content of Synthesized Iso-Paraffins(SIP)Fuel for Blending with Jet Fuel by GasChromatography1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7974;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of farnesane(2,6,10-trimethyldodecane),saturated hydrocarbons,and hexa-hydrofarnesol content in synthesized iso-paraffins(SIP)fuelfor blending with jet fuel by gas chromatography.1.2 Farnesane is determined from 96%to 99.9%by mass.Sum of saturated hydrocarbons including farnesane is deter-mined from 97%to 99.9%by mass,and hexahydrofarnesol isdetermined from 0.02%to 2.0%by mass.1.3 This test method does identify and quantify mainimpurities or group type of impurities but does not purport toidentify all individual components that can be present insynthesized iso-paraffins(SIP)fuel for jet fuel blending.1.4 This test method is inappropriate for impurities that boilat temperatures higher than 460 C or for impurities that causepoor or no response in a flame ionization detector.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use asAnalytical StandardsD7566 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel ContainingSynthesized HydrocarbonsE355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-shipsE594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Usedin Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 This test method makes reference to many commongas chromatographic procedures,terms,and relationships.Detailed definitions can be found in Practices E355 and E594.3.1.2 saturated hydrocarbons,nparaffinic and naphtheniccompounds.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A representative aliquot of the synthesized iso-paraffins(SIP)fuel sample is introduced into a gas chromatographequipped with a 5%phenyl-methylpolysiloxane bonded phasecapillary column.Helium or hydrogen carrier gas transportsthe vaporized aliquot through the column where the compo-nents are separated by the chromatographic process.Compo-nents are sensed by a flame ionization detector as they elutefrom the column.The detector signal is processed by anelectronic data acquisition system.The farnesane and itsimpurities are identified by comparing their relative retentiontimes to the ones reported in the method.Identification hasbeen previously performed analyzing reference samples bymass spectrometry under identical conditions.The concentra-tions of all components are determined in mass percent area bynormalization of the peak areas.5.Significance and Use5.1 Synthesized iso-paraffins(SIP)fuel are being approvedfor blending with jet fuel provided that they meet a purityspecification of more than 97%farnesane,more than 98%saturated hydrocarbons,and less than 1.5%hexahydrofarnesolin accordance with Specification D7566.This test method1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.Current edition approved March 15,2015.Published June 2015.DOI:10.1520/D7974-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 provides a method of determining the percentage of farnesane(purity)in the synthesized iso-paraffins(SIP)fuel for blendingwith jet fuel.6.Apparatus6.1 Gas Chromatograph,capable of operating at the condi-tions listed in Table 1.A heated flash vaporizing injectordesigned to provide a linear sample split injection(forexample,100:1)is required for proper sample introduction.Carrier gas controls shall be of adequate precision to providereproducible column flows and split ratios in order to maintainanalytical integrity.A hydrogen flame ionization detector withassociated gas controls and electronics,designed for optimumresponse with open tubular columns,is required.6.2 Sample IntroductionManual or autom