ASTM_D_8431_-_22.pdf

Designation:D843122Standard Test Method forDetection of Water-soluble Petroleum Oils by A-TEEMOptical Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8431;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the(1)detection of trace level(g/L range)of oil and petroleum(water-soluble fraction)pollutants in surface and ground drinking water sources,(2)identification of the compounds,and(3)alerting analysts witha contaminant concentration prediction.This test methodfacilitates identification and quantification from 20 to 1000g/L of target contaminants,including:water-soluble fractionof aromatic compounds from the BTEX family(benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,and xylenes)and naphthalene from thepolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH)group,referred to asBTEXN in this test method,in water samples with up to 15mg/L of dissolved organic carbon(DOC).The main approachinvolves analyzing and characterizing key water intake loca-tions before the treatment and developing the contaminantlibrary.The water-soluble(BTEXN)contaminants are associ-ated with,but not limited to petroleum oils and fuels includingcommercial diesel fuel,gasoline,kerosene,heavy oil,fuel oiland lubricate oil,etc.1.2 The data sets are analyzed using multivariate methods totest contaminant identification and quantification.The multi-variate methods include classification and regression algo-rithms to analyze fluorescence EEM data acquired in thelaboratory.The common goal of these algorithms is to reducemultidimensionality and eliminate noise of fluorescence andbackground signals.Automated identification-quantificationmethods linked directly to the instrument acquisition-analysissoftware are commercially available.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3650 Test Method for Comparison of Waterborne Petro-leum Oils By Fluorescence Analysis(Withdrawn 2018)3D3694 Practices for Preparation of Sample Containers andfor Preservation of Organic ConstituentsD4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for WaterSamples Containing Organic and Inorganic ConstituentsD6046 Classification of Hydraulic Fluids for EnvironmentalImpactD6161 Terminology Used for Microfiltration,Ultrafiltration,Nanofiltration,and Reverse Osmosis Membrane ProcessesE169 Practices for General Techniques of Ultraviolet-VisibleQuantitative AnalysisE2617 Practice for Validation of Empirically Derived Mul-tivariate CalibrationsE2719 Guide for FluorescenceInstrument Calibration andQualificationE2891 Guide for Multivariate Data Analysis in Pharmaceu-tical Development and Manufacturing Applications1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.06 on Methods forAnalysis forOrganic Substances in Water.Current edition approved May 1,2022.Published July 2022.DOI:10.1520/D8431-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.12.2 U.S.EPA Standards:4Method 415.3 Determination of Total Organic Carbon andSpecific UV Absorbance at 254 nm in Source Water andDrinking Water5Method 524.2 Measurement of Purgeable Organic Com-poundsinWaterbyCapillar